Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T04:45:44.723Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of replacing calcium salts of palm oil distillate with rapeseed oil, milled or whole rapeseeds on milk fatty-acid composition in cows fed maize silage-based diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2009

D. I. Givens ,
K. E. Kliem ,
D. J. Humphries ,
K. J. Shingfield  and
R. Morgan
D. I. Givens
Affiliation:
Animal Science Research Group, Department of Agriculture, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AR, UK
K. E. Kliem*
Affiliation:
Animal Science Research Group, Department of Agriculture, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AR, UK
D. J. Humphries
Affiliation:
Animal Science Research Group, Department of Agriculture, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AR, UK
K. J. Shingfield
Affiliation:
MTT Agrifood Research, Animal Production Research, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
R. Morgan
Affiliation:
Animal Science Research Group, Department of Agriculture, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AR, UK
*
†E-mail: k.e.kliem@reading.ac.uk
Get access

Abstract

Inclusion of rapeseed feeds in dairy cow diets has the potential to reduce milk fat saturated fatty acid (SFA) and increase cis-monounsaturated fatty acid (cis-MUFA) content, but effectiveness may depend on the form in which the rapeseed is presented. Four mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were allocated to four maize silage-based dietary treatments according to a 4 × 4 Latin Square design, with 28-day experimental periods. Treatments consisted of a control diet (C) containing 49 g/kg dry matter (DM) of calcium salts of palm oil distillate (CPO), or 49 g/kg DM of oil supplied as whole rapeseeds (WR), rapeseeds milled with wheat (MR) or rapeseed oil (RO). Replacing CPO with rapeseed feeds had no effect (P > 0.05) on milk fat and protein content, while milk yields were higher (P < 0.05) for RO and MR compared with WR (37.1, 38.1 and 34.3 kg/day, respectively). Substituting CPO with RO or MR reduced (P < 0.05) milk fat total SFA content (69.6, 55.6, 71.7 and 61.5 g/100 g fatty acids for C, RO, WR and MR, respectively) and enhanced (P < 0.05) milk cis-9 18:1 MUFA concentrations (corresponding values 18.6, 24.3, 17.0 and 23.0 g/100 g fatty acids) compared with C and WR. Treatments RO and MR also increased (P < 0.05) milk trans-MUFA content (4.4, 6.8, 10.5 g/100 g fatty acids, C, MR and RO, respectively). A lack of significant changes in milk fat composition when replacing CPO with WR suggests limited bioavailability of fatty acids in intact rapeseeds. In conclusion, replacing a commercial palm oil-based fat supplement in the diet with milled rapeseeds or rapeseed oil represented an effective strategy to alter milk fatty acid composition with the potential to improve human health. Inclusion of processed rapeseeds offered a good compromise for reducing milk SFA and increasing cis-MUFA, whilst minimising milk trans-MUFA and negative effects on animal performance.

Keywords

milksaturated fatty acidstrans fatty acidsmonounsaturated fatty acidsrapeseeds
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 3 , Issue 7 , July 2009 , pp. 1067 - 1074
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bayourthe, C, Enjalbert, F, Moncoulon, R 2000. Effects of different forms of canola oil fatty acids plus canola meal on milk composition and physical properties of butter. Journal of Dairy Science 83, 690–696.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chardigny, J-M, Destaillats, F, Malpuech-Brugère, C, Moulin, J, Bauman, DE, Lock, AL, Barbano, DM, Mensink, RP, Bezelgues, J-B, Chaumont, P, Combe, N, Cristiani, I, Joffre, F, German, JB, Dionisi, F, Boirie, Y, Sébédio, J-L 2008. Do trans fatty acids from industrially produced sources and from natural sources have the same effect on cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy subjects? Results of the trans Fatty Acids Collaboration (TRANSFACT) study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87, 558–566.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y, Glasser, F, Ferlay, A, Bernard, L, Rouel, J, Doreau, M 2007. Diet, rumen biohydrogenation and nutritional quality of cow and goat milk fat. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 109, 828–855.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, R, Frost, C, Collins, R, Appleby, P, Peto, R 1997. Dietary lipids and blood cholesterol: quantitative meta-analysis of metabolic ward studies. British Medical Journal 314, 112–117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Collomb, M, Sollberger, H, Bütikofer, U, Sieber, R, Stoll, W, Schaeren, W 2004. Impact of a basal diet of hay and fodder beet supplemented with rapeseed, linseed and sunflowerseed on the fatty acid composition of milk fat. International Dairy Journal 14, 549–559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corl, BA, Baumgard, LH, Griinari, JM, Delmonte, P, Morehouse, KM, Yurawecz, MP, Bauman, DE 2002. Trans-7, cis-9 CLA is synthesized endogenously by Δ9-desaturase in dairy cows. Lipids 37, 681–688.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DePeters, EJ, German, JB, Taylor, SJ, Essex, ST, Perez-Monti, H 2001. Fatty acid and triglyceride composition of milk fat from lactating Holstein cows in response to supplemental canola oil. Journal of Dairy Science 84, 929–936.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doreau, M, Chillard, Y, Rulquin, H, Demeyer, DL 1999. Manipulation of milk fat in dairy cows. In Recent advances in animal nutrition 1999 (ed. PC Garnsworthy and J Wiseman), pp. 81–109. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.Google Scholar
Enjalbert, F, Nicot, M-C, Bayourthe, C, Moncoulon, R 1998. Duodenal infusions of palmitic, stearic or oleic acids differently affect mammary gland metabolism of fatty acids in lactating dairy cows. The Journal of Nutrition 128, 1525–1532.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Givens, DI 2008. Impact on CVD risk factors of modifying milk fat to decrease intake of saturated fatty acids and increase intake of cis-monounsaturates. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 67, 419–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Givens, DI, Shingfield, KJ 2006. Optimising dairy milk fatty acid composition. In Improving the fat content of foods (ed. CM Williams and J Buttriss), pp. 252–280. Woodhead Publishing Ltd, Cambridge, UK.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Givens, DI, Allison, R, Blake, JS 2003. Enhancement of oleic acid and vitamin E concentrations of bovine milk using dietary supplements of whole rapeseed and vitamin E. Animal Research 52, 531–542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grummer, RR 1991. Effect of feed on the composition of milk fat. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3244–3257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hansen, HO, Knudsen, J 1987. Effect of exogenous long-chain fatty acids on individual fatty acid synthesis by dispersed ruminant mammary gland cell. Journal of Dairy Science 70, 1350–1354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harfoot, CG, Hazlewood, GP 1997. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. In The rumen microbial ecosystem, second edition (ed. PN Hobson and CS Stewart), pp. 382–426. Blackie Academic & Professional, London, UK.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hulshof, KFAM, van Erp-Baart, MA, Anttolainen, M, Becker, W, Church, SM, Couet, C, Hermann-Kunz, E, Kesteloot, H, Leth, T, Martins, I, Moreiras, O, Moschandreas, J, Pizzoferato, L, Rimestad, AH, Thorgeirsdottir, H, van Amelsvoort, JMM, Aro, A, Kafatos, AG, Lanzmann-Petitory, D, van Poppel, G 1999. Intake of fatty acids in Western Europe with emphasis on trans fatty acids: The TRANSFAIR study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 53, 143–157.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jakobsen, MU, Bysted, A, Andersen, NL, Heitmann, BL, Hartkopp, HB, Leth, T, Overvad, K, Dyerberg, L 2006. Intake of ruminant trans fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis Supplements 7, 9–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jenkins, TC, Wallace, RJ, Moate, PJ, Mosley, EE 2008. Recent advances in biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids within the rumen microbial ecosystem. Journal of Animal Science 86, 397–412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kliem, KE, Morgan, R, Humphries, DJ, Shingfield, KJ, Givens, DI 2008. Effect of replacing grass silage with maize silage in the diet on bovine milk fatty acid composition. Animal 2, 1850–1858.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kris-Etherton, PM, Pearson, TA, Wan, Y, Hargrove, RL, Moriarty, K, Fishell, V, Etherton, TD 1999. High-monounsaturated fatty acid diets lower both plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 70, 1009–1015.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mensink, RP, Zock, PL, Kester, AD, Katan, MB 2003. Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 77, 1146–1155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mosley, EE, Powell, GL, Riley, MB, Jenkins, TC 2002. Microbial biohydrogenation of oleic to trans isomers in vitro. Journal of Lipid Research 43, 290–296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murphy, M, Udén, P, Palmquist, DL, Wiktorsson, H 1987. Rumen and total diet digestibilities in lactating cows fed diets containing full-fat rapeseed. Journal of Dairy Science 70, 1572–1582.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palmquist, DL 1994. The role of dietary fats in efficiency of ruminants. The Journal of Nutrition 124 (suppl.), 1377S–1382S.Google ScholarPubMed
Palmquist, DL, Lock, AL, Shingfield, KJ, Bauman, DE 2005. Biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in ruminants and humans. In Advances in food and nutrition research (ed. S Taylor), vol. 50, pp. 179–217. Elsevier Academic Press, USA.Google Scholar
Ryhänen, E-L, Tallavaara, K, Griinari, JM, Jaakkola, S, Mantere-Alhonen, S, Shingfield, KJ 2005. Production of conjugated linoleic acid enriched milk and dairy products from cows receiving grass silage supplemented with a cereal-based concentrate containing rapeseed oil. International Dairy Journal 15, 207–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shingfield, KJ, Ahvenjärvi, S, Toivonen, V, Ärölä, A, Nurmela, KVV, Huhtanen, P, Griinari, JM 2003. Effect of fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows. Animal Science 77, 165–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shingfield, KJ, Reynolds, CK, Lupoli, B, Toivonen, V, Yurawecz, MP, Delmonte, P, Griinari, JM, Grandison, AS, Beever, DE 2005. Effect of forage type and proportion of concentrate in the diet on milk fatty acid composition in cows fed sunflower oil and fish oil. Animal Science 80, 225–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, C (ed.) 2004. Feed into milk: a new applied feeding system for dairy cows. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.Google Scholar
Vessby, B, Uusitupa, M, Hermansen, K, Riccardi, G, Rivallese, AA, Tapsell, LC, Nalsen, C, Berglund, L, Louheranta, A, Rassmussen, BM, Calvert, GD, Maffetone, A, Pederson, E, Gustafsson, I-B, Storlien, LH 2001. Substituting dietary saturated for monounsaturated fat impairs insulin sensitivity in healthy men and women. Diabetologia 44, 312–319.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed