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Activation of protein kinase C suppresses fragmentation of pig oocytes aged in vitro

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2010

J. Petr ,
M. Krejčová ,
R. Rajmon  and
F. Jílek
J. Petr*
Affiliation:
Research Institute of Animal Production, Přátelství 815, 10401 Prague 10-Uhříněves, Czech Republic
M. Krejčová
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6 – Suchdol, Czech Republic
R. Rajmon
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6 – Suchdol, Czech Republic
F. Jílek
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6 – Suchdol, Czech Republic
*
†E-mail: petrj@af.czu.cz
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Abstract

When cultured for an extended time, pig oocytes that matured in vitro to the stage of metaphase II undergo the complex process designated as ageing. Under our conditions, some pig oocytes aged 3 days remained at the stage of metaphase II (22%), but others underwent spontaneous parthenogenetic activation (45%), and still others perished through fragmentation (28%) or lysis (5%). Activation of protein kinases C (PKCs) using phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) protects oocytes from fragmentation. None of the oocytes were fragmented after 3 days of aging in 50 nM of PMA. A similar effect (8% of fragmented oocytes) was observed after a 3-day treatment of aging oocytes with 100 μM of 1-stearoyl-2arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (STEAR). PMA and STEAR activate both calcium-dependent and calcium-independent PKCs. This combined effect on PKCs seems to be essential for the protection of oocytes from fragmentation. Neither the specific activator of calcium-dependent PKCs 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OLE) nor the specific activator of calcium-independent PKCs dipalmitoyl-l-α-phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate heptaammonium salt (DIPALM) suppressed the fragmentation of aging pig oocytes. Twenty-one percentage of oocytes fragmented when aged for 3 days in 10 μM OLE and 26% of aged oocytes fragmented in 100 nM of DIPALM. However, fragmentation was significantly suppressed to 7% when the oocytes were exposed to the combination of both 10 μM OLE and 100 nM DIPALM. Aging pig oocytes cultured for 1 day with PMA maintained a high capability of being parthenogenetically activated (86% of activated oocytes), using calcium ionophore with 6-dimethylaminopurine. Ageing oocytes treated with PMA also had high capability of cleavage (82%) after their artificial parthenogenetic activation. However, their ability to develop to the stage of blastocyst (12%) was suppressed when compared with oocytes activated immediately after their maturation (29%).

Keywords

pig oocyteoocyteageingoocyte fragmentationprotein kinase C
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 5 , Issue 4 , 23 February 2011 , pp. 565 - 571
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2010

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