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Genetic opportunities for pork production without castration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2023

JWM Merks ,
EHAT Hanenberg ,
S Bloemhof  and
EF Knol
JWM Merks*
Affiliation:
IPG, Institute for Pig Genetics BV, PO Box 43, 6640 AA Beuningen, The Netherlands
EHAT Hanenberg
Affiliation:
IPG, Institute for Pig Genetics BV, PO Box 43, 6640 AA Beuningen, The Netherlands
S Bloemhof
Affiliation:
IPG, Institute for Pig Genetics BV, PO Box 43, 6640 AA Beuningen, The Netherlands
EF Knol
Affiliation:
IPG, Institute for Pig Genetics BV, PO Box 43, 6640 AA Beuningen, The Netherlands
*
* Contact for correspondence and requests for reprints: Jan.Merks@ipg.nl
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Abstract

In most parts of the world, male pigs are castrated shortly after birth to prevent the production of meat with an unpleasant odour called ‘boar taint’. However, public concerns regarding surgical castration are on the increase and it is becoming an important animal welfare issue due to the pain associated with the process. In addition, pork production from entire males is more desirable as it is 5-12% more efficient than that from castrates. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate genetic opportunities to stop castration and produce boar-taint-free pork from entire males as a long-term cost-effective solution to the problem. The main compounds responsible for boar taint are androstenone and skatole. The genetic aspects of these two main boar-taint components were investigated in purebred pigs of a commercial sire line as well as crossbreds of three sire lines. The comparison of crossbreds suggests that significant genetic differences can be expected in the market hogs due to different sire line choices. Heritabilities for the three components ranged from 0.25 to 0.64. Their genetic correlations with production traits were close to zero or favourable. Model calculations using these parameters suggest that it is possible to reduce the concentrations of the main boar-taint components below thresholds for boar taint. This way, pork can be produced from males without castration and problems of boar taint can be eliminated in approximately four generations of genetic selection.

Keywords

animal welfareboar taintcastrationheritabilitygenetic progresspigs
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Welfare , Volume 18 , Issue 4: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on the Assessment of Animal Welfare at Farm and Group Level , November 2009 , pp. 539 - 544
Copyright
© 2009 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare

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