Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-23T08:39:18.526Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of source and level of protein on milk yield and reproductive performance of high-producing primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

I. Bruckental ,
D. Drori ,
M. Kaim ,
Hanna Lehrer  and
Y. Folman
I. Bruckental
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50–250, Israel
D. Drori
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50–250, Israel
M. Kaim
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50–250, Israel
Hanna Lehrer
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50–250, Israel
Y. Folman
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50–250, Israel
Get access

Abstract

Ninety primiparous and 150 multiparous Israeli-Holstein dairy cows were allotted at random into three groups. One group (LSBM) was given 170 g crude protein (CP) per kg dry matter (DM). The two other groups were given 210 g CP per kg DM with the extra 40 g CP per kg DM supplied either by soya-bean meal (HSBM) or by fish meal (HFM). Roughage supplied proportionately 0·20 of the dietary DM and was maize silage with groundnut hay in the winter and wheat silage with oat grass in the summer. The primiparous and multiparous cows were offered the experimental diets for 16 and 24 weeks, respectively.

Milk, milk fat and milk protein production (kg/day), for treatments LSBM, HSBM and HFM, were: 39·3, 40·0, 40·8 (P > 0·05); 1·12, 118, 1·06 (P < 0·05) and 1·21, 1·23, 1·26 (P > 0·05) for multiparous cows and 29·4, 31·2, 33·4 (P < 0·05); 0·89, 1·07, 0·93 (P < 0·01) and 0·92, 0·98, 1·05 (P < 0·05) for primiparous cows, respectively. Cows of high yield potential responded more to increasing dietary protein level than did cows of low yield potential. Average live-weight gains on treatments LSBM, HSBM and HFM were (g/day): 220, 160 and 310 (P < 0·05) in multiparous cows and 220, 170 and 230 (P < 0·05) i n primiparous cows, respectively. Pregnancy rates, 16 weeks after parturition, were 0·65, 0·52 and 0·72 (P < 0·05), in the LSBM, HSBM and HFM groups, respectively. The decrease in pregnancy rate in the HSBM cows, occurred in primiparous cows and cows in their fourth or later lactation but not in cows in their second or third lactation. The milk production of primiparous and multiparous cows in relation to the level and source of dietary CP and the utilization of energy and protein for milk production is discussed.

Type
Papers
Information
Animal Production , Volume 48 , Issue 2 , April 1989 , pp. 319 - 329
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Briceno, J. V., Van horn, H. H., Harris, B. and Wilcox, C. J. 1988. Comparison of different methods of expressing dietary protein for lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 71: 1647–1658.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, A. C. G., Tyrrell, H. F. and Williams, W. F. 1983. Partition of energy in cows and heifers at two stages of lactation, fed two different diets. Journal of Dairy Science 66: Suppi, p. 162 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Bruckental, I., Amir, S., Drori, D., Krol, O. and Kennit, H. 1979. [Protein requirement of high producing dairy cows.] Hassadeh 59: 2540–2542.Google Scholar
Bruckental, I., Kaim, M. and Drori, I. 1984. The effect of two fractions of soybean meal on reproduction in postpartum-bred rats. Nutrition Reports International 30: 1147–1155.Google Scholar
Bruckental, I., Tagari, H., Amir, S., Kennit, H. and Zamwell, S. 1986. The effect on the performance of dairy cattle of plant protein concentration and of urea or urea-phosphate supplementation in the diet. Animal Production 43: 73–82.Google Scholar
Chalupa, W. and Henningson, R. W. 1966. Low-fat fish flour as a protein supplement for lactation dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 49: 108–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cressman, S. G., Grieve, D. G., MacLeod, G. K., Wheeler, E. E. and Young, L. G. 1980. Influence of dietary protein concentration on milk production by dairy cattle in early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 63: 1839–1847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drori, D., Bruckental, I. and Kaim, M. 1983. Lactation, tissue changes and reproduction in postpartum-bred rats fed increasing levels of soybean protein. Nutrition Reports International 28: 1261–1270.Google Scholar
Drori, D. and Folman, Y. 1973. Protein requirements of lactating cows and rats. Israeli-Swedish Seminar in Dairy Husbandry, Agricultural College, Sweden, Report 26, pp. 10.1–10.15.Google Scholar
Duncan, D. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11: 1–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekern, A. 1982. Results from feeding trials and practical experience concerning protein feeding of ruminants in Norway. In Protein Contribution of Feedstuffs for Ruminants (ed. Miller, E. L., Pike, I. H. and Es, A. J. H. Van), pp. 86–102. Butterworths, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferguson, J. D., Blanchard, T. L., Hoshall, D. and Chalupa, W. 1986a. High rumen degradable protein as a possible cause of infertility in a dairy herd. Journal of Dairy Science 69: Suppl. 1, p. 120 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Ferguson, J. D., Blanchard, T. L., Shotzberger, S. and Chalupa, W. 1986b. Effect of rumen degradable protein on fertility. Journal of Dairy Science 69: Suppl. 1, p. 121 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Folman, Y., Neumark, H., Kaim, M. and Kaufmann, W. 1981. Performance, rumen and blood metabolites in high-yielding dairy cows fed varying protein percents and protected soybean. Journal of Dairy Science 64: 759–768.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Folman, Y., Rosenberg, M., Ascarelli, I., Kaim, M. and Herz, Z. 1983. The effect of dietary and climatic factors on fertility and on plasma progesterone and oestradiol-17p levels in dairy cows. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 19: 863–868.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howard, H. J., Aalseth, E. P., Adams, G. D., Bush, L. J., McNew, R. W. and Dawson, L. J. 1987. Influence of dietary protein on reproductive performance of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 70: 1563–1571.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jordan, E. R. and Swanson, L. V. 1979a. Effect of crude protein on reproductive efficiency, serum total protein and albumin in the high-producing dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Science 62: 58–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, E. R. and Swanson, L. V. 1979b. Serum progesterone and luteinizing hormone in dairy cattle fed varying levels of crude protein. Journal of Dairy Science 48: 1154–1158.Google ScholarPubMed
Kaim, M., Folman, Y., Neumark, H. and Kaufmann, W. 1983. The effect of protein intake and lactation number on post-partum body weight loss and reproductive performance of dairy cows. Animal Production 37: 229–235.Google Scholar
Kaim, M., Neumark, H., Folman, Y. and Kaufmann, W. 1987. The effect of two concentrations of dietary protein and of formaldehyde-treated soya-bean meal on the performance of high-yielding dairy cows. Animal Production 44: 333–345.Google Scholar
Oldham, J. D. 1984a. Protein-energy interrelationships in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 67: 1090–1114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oldham, J. D. 1984b. Amino acid metabolism in ruminants. In Proceedings of Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers, Department of Animal Science and Poultry Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, pp. 137–141.Google Scholar
Oldham, J. D., Napper, D. J., Smith, T. and FULFORD. R. J. 1985. Performance of dairy cows offered isonitrogenous diets containing urea or fishmeal i n early and in mid-lactation. British Journal of Nutrition 53: 337–345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ørskov, E. R., Reid, G. W. and McDonald, I. 1981. The effects of protein degradability and food intake on milk yield and composition in cows in early lactation. British Journal of Nutrition 45: 547–555.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rijpheme, Y. S. and Tamminga, S. 1980. In Proceedings 3rd European Association of Animal Production Symposium on Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, Braunschweig, Germany, Vol. 2. p. 777.Google Scholar
Roffler, R. E., Satter, L. D., Hardie, A. R. and Tyler, W. J. 1978. Influence of dietary protein concentration on milk production by dairy cattle during early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 61: 1422–1428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Satter, L. D. and Roffler, R. E. 1975. Nitrogen requirement and utilization in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 58: 1219–1237.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sloan, B. K., Rowlinson, P. and Armstrong, D. G. 1988. Milk production in early lactation dairy cows given grass silage ad libitum: influence of concentrate energy source, crude protein content and level of concentrate allowance. Animal Production 46: 317–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tagari, H. 1969. Comparison of the efficiency of proteins contained in lucerne hay and soya-bean meal for sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 23: 455–470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, C., Aston, K., Tayler, J. C., Daley, S. R. and Osbourn, D. F. 1981. Milk production from silage. 1. The influence of an additive containing formaldehyde and formic acid on the response of lactating heifers and cows to supplementary protein. Animal Production 32: 285–295.Google Scholar
Tyrrell, H. F., Moe, P. W. and Flatt, W. P. 1970. Influence of excess protein intake on energy metabolism of the dairy cow. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals (ed. Schürch, A. and Wenk, C.), pp. 69–72. Juris Druck and Verlag, Zurich.Google Scholar
Van horn, H. H., Zometa, C. A., Wilcox, C. J., Marshall, S. P. and Harris, B. 1979. Complete rations for dairy cattle. VIII. Effect of percent and source of protein on milk yield and ration digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science 62: 1086–1093.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van soest, P. J. 1963. Ruminant fat metabolism with particular reference to factors affecting low milk fat and feed efficiency. A review. Journal of Dairy Science 46: 204–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitelaw, F. G., Milne, J. S., Ørskov, E. R. and Smith, J. S. 1986. The nitrogen and energy metabolism of lactating cows given abomasal infusion of casein. British Journal of Nutrition 55: 537–556.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed