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Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and residual antimicrobials in the environment in Vietnam

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 April 2018

Shinji Yamasaki*
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58, Rinkuourai-kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
Tuyen Danh Le
Affiliation:
National Institute of Nutrition, 48B, Tang Bat Ho, Hai Ba Trung, Ha Noi, Vietnam
Mai Quang Vien
Affiliation:
Pasteur Institute in Nha Trang, 8-10 Tran Phu, Xuong Huan, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
Chinh Van Dang
Affiliation:
Institute of Public Health in Ho Chi Minh City, 159 Hung Phu, ward, district 8, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
Yoshimasa Yamamoto
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: shinji@vet.osakafu-u.ac.jp

Abstract

Emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, have become serious problems worldwide. Recent studies conducted in Vietnam revealed that ESBL-producing E. coli are widely distributed in food animals and people. CTX-M-9 and CTX-M-1 are the most prevalent β-lactamases among the identified ESBLs. Furthermore, most of the ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were multi-drug resistant. Residual antimicrobials such as sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, sulfadimidine, cephalexin, and sulfadiazine were also detected at a high level in both animal meats and environmental water collected from several cities, including Ho Chi Minh city and Can Tho city. These recent studies indicated that improper use of antimicrobials in animal-originated food production might contribute to the emergence and high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in Vietnam. Although clonal ESBL-producing E. coli was not identified, CTX-M-55 gene-carrying plasmids with similar sizes (105–139 kb) have been commonly detected in the ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from various food animals and human beings. This finding strongly suggests that horizontal transfer of the CTX-M plasmid among various E. coli strains played a critical role in the emergence and high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in Vietnam.

Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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