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Distribution of prolific Garole sheep in West Bengal, India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2011

S. Banerjee ,
S.M. Galloway  and
G.H. Davis
S. Banerjee*
Affiliation:
B-1/87, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
S.M. Galloway
Affiliation:
AgResearch Molecular Biology Unit, Dunedin, New Zealand
G.H. Davis
Affiliation:
AgResearch Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
*
Correspondence to: S. Banerjee, B-1/87, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India. email: sansoma2003@yahoo.co.in
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Summary

The Garole is a prolific breed of sheep. High prolificacy in sheep carrying the Booroola gene (FecB) is the result of a mutation in bone morphogenetic protein receptor-IB (BMPR-IB) (Wilson et al., 2001a,b) which had previously been identified in Garole sheep from the Sunderban region of West Bengal (Davis et al., 2002) . There is evidence that the breed has originated from the sheep brought by the Tibetan traders and traded in the plains of Bengal during the seventeenth till the nineteenth century. The present study was carried out to remap the distribution of the Garole sheep within the state of West Bengal (India) using the presence of the BMPR-IB mutation in the sheep flocks reared at different locations within the state of West Bengal. The breeding tract of Garole sheep was initially thought to be in the districts of 24 Parganas, South and North alone. However, the results from the present study indicate that the sheep is also reared in the district of Midnapur (East), besides in Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar districts situated in northern parts of the state. The results of the present study indicate that the breeding tract of Garole sheep extends up to Jalpaiguri and CoochBehar districts of West Bengal at 26°16′ and 27°0′ North latitude and 88°4′ and 89°53′ East longitude. This study also indicates that the ancestors of the Garole sheep have migrated from China/Tibet, during the trading between West Bengal and Bangladesh during the seventeenth century till the early-twentieth century.

Résumé

Le Garole est une espèce prolifique de mouton. Haut prolificacy dans le mouton qui porte le gène de Booroola (FecB) est le résultat d'une mutation dans BMPR-IB (Wilson et al., 2001a, b) qui avait été précédemment identifié dans le mouton de Garole de la région de Sunderban de Bengale d'ouest (Davis et al., 2002). Il y a de la preuve que l'espèce a provenu du mouton amené par les commerçants tibétains et échangé dans les plaines de Bengale pendant le dix-septième jusqu’à le dix-neuvième siècle. L’étude présente a été exécuté à remap la distribution du mouton de Garole dans l’état de Bengale d'ouest (l'Inde) utilisant la présence de la mutation de BMPR-IB dans les troupeaux de mouton a élevé aux emplacements différents dans l’état de Bengale d'ouest. L’étendue élevant de mouton de Garole a été pensée au début pour être dans les quartiers de 24 Parganas, le Sud et Nord seul. Cependant, les résultats de l’étude présente indiquent que le mouton est aussi élevé dans le quartier de Midnapur (l'Est), en plus dans Jalpaiguri et les quartiers de Behar de Cooch ont situé dans les parties du nord de l’état. Les résultats de l’étude présente indiquent que l’étendue élevant de mouton de Garole s’étend en haut aux quartiers de Jalpaiguri et CoochBehar de Bengale d'ouest à 26°16′ et 27°0′ la latitude du nord et 88°4′ et 89°53′ la longitude de l'Est. L’étude présente indique aussi que les ancêtres du mouton de Garole ont migré de Chine/Tibet, pendant le commerce entre Bengale et Bangladesh d'ouest pendant le dix-septième siècle jusqu’à le premier vingtième siècle.

Resumen

La Garole es una prolífica raza de ovejas. La alta prolificidad en las ovejas portadoras del gen Booroola (FecB) es el resultado de una mutación en BMPR-IB (Wilson et al., 2001a, b), que había sido previamente identificado en el ganado ovino Garole de la región de Sunderban de Bengala Occidental (Davis et al.2002). Existen pruebas de que la raza tiene su origen en las ovejas traídas por los comerciantes tibetanos y comerciaban en las llanuras de Bengala desde el siglo XVII hasta el siglo XIX.

El presente trabajo se realizó para reasignar la distribución geográfica de las ovejas Garole dentro del estado de Bengala Occidental (India), utilizando la presencia de la mutación BMPR-IB en los rebaños de ovejas criadas en distintos lugares dentro del estado de Bengala Occidental. Inicialmente se pensó que el área de cría de las ovejas Garole fuera en distritos de 24 Parganas, Sur y Norte solo.

Sin embargo, los resultados del presente estudio indican que las ovejas también se crían en el distrito de Midnapur (este), además de en los distritos de Jalpaiguri y Cooch Behar, situado en el norte del estado. Dichos resultados indican que la zona de cría de ovejas Garole se extiende hasta Jalpaiguri y CoochBehar, distritos de Bengala Occidental a 26°16′ y 27°0′ latitud Norte y 88°4′ y 89°53′ longitud Este. Asimismo, el estudio señala que los ancestros de las ovejas Garole fueron traídos desde China / Tíbet, a consecuencia del comercio entre el Oeste de Bengala y Bangladesh desde el siglo XVII hasta comienzos del siglo XX.

Keywords

Garole sheepFecB mutationdistributionWest BengalIndiamouton Garolemutation du gène FecBdistributionBengal occidentalIndeoveja Garolemutación Fec BdistribuciónBengala OccidentalIndia
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 48 , April 2011 , pp. 29 - 35
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2011

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