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Definición de razas en llamas y alpacas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2009

C. Renieri ,
E.N. Frank ,
A.Y. Rosati  and
M. Antonini
C. Renieri*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciencia Ambiental-Universidad de Camerino-Via Circonvallazione 93-62024 Matelica (MC) – Italia
E.N. Frank
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias – Universidad Catolica de Cordoba – Obispo Trejo 323 – X5000IYG Cordoba –Argentina
A.Y. Rosati
Affiliation:
European Association of Animal Production – Via G. Tomassetti 3,1/A – 00161 Roma – Italia
M. Antonini
Affiliation:
ILO Universidad de Camerino – Piazza Cavour 19F – 62032 Camerino – Italia
*
Correspondence to: C. Renieri, Departamento de CienciaAmbiental-Universidad de Camerino-ViaCirconvallazione 93-62024 Matelica (MC) – Italia. tel. +39(0)737 403436; fax +39 (0)737 403402; email: carlo.renieri@unicam.it
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Summary

Breed performs a central concept for animal science. It is used to define subdivisions of domestic species. This work analyses the evolution through time of breed concept, and the impact of science on breed evolution. Domestication effects are discussed from genetic point of view and breeds were classified as: primary, secondary, synthetic or mendelian. The concept was analysed within South American domestic camelids in which only primary breeds exist. Misleading concepts on Suri alpacas, white coated llamas-alpacas and pure breeds were also clarified. It was finally concluded that some private enterprise, NGO's and public organisations must follow the practical steps of selection to maintain the breed standards of llamas and alpacas.

Resumen

La raza representa un concepto central de la zootecnia y se usa para definir cualquier subdivisión dentro de una especie doméstica. En este trabajo se analiza el nacimiento y la evolución del concepto de raza a lo largo del tiempo y el impacto de la ciencia originada en su entorno. Se discuten los efectos de la domesticación desde un punto de vista genético y se clasifican las razas como: mendelianas, primarias, secundarias y sintéticas. Se analiza el concepto dentro de los camélidos domésticos y se llega a la conclusión que solo existen razas primarias. Se aclaran también conceptos desvirtuados sobre la alpaca Suri, las llamas-alpacas blancas y el concepto de pureza. Se concluye finalmente que se debería seguir el esfuerzo de empresas privadas y organizaciones publicas y privadas para organizar y establecer acciones de seleccion por llegar a la creación de razas estandarizadas.

Résumé

La race représente le concept central de la zootechnie et est utilisée pour définir les subdivisions des espèces domestiques. Ce travail analyse l'origine et l'évolution dans le temps du concept de race et l'impact des sciences sur l'évolution des races. On examine les effets de la domestication d'un point de vue génétique et l'on classe les races en tant que races primaires, secondaires, synthétiques ou mendéliennes. Le concept est analysé dans le cadre des camélidés domestiques de l'Amérique du Sud où l'on ne trouve que des races primaires. On clarifie également les concepts trompeurs sur l'alpaga Suri, sur les lamas-alpagas blancs et sur les races pures. On arrive finalement à la conclusion que les entreprises du secteur privé et les organisations des secteurs public et privé devraient suivre des étapes pratiques de sélection pour maintenir les standards de la race des lamas et des alpagas.

Keywords

llamasalpacasrazasdomesticaciónllamasalpacasbreedsdomesticationlamasalpagasracesdomestication
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 45 , October 2009 , pp. 45 - 54
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2009

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