Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-rkxrd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T00:57:42.214Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mogollon Settlement Patterns in Pine Lawn Valley, New Mexico*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Elaine Bluhm
Elaine Bluhm*
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Settlement patterns are described for each phase of the sedentary agricultural occupation of the area from Pine Lawn phase (200 B.C.-A.D. 500) through Tularosa phase (A.D. 1100-1250), when the area was abandoned. Through time domestic structures changed from rounded to rectangular, from semi-subterranean to surface, and decreased in size. Earlier villages tended to be on higher, more defensible locations while later ones were lower, closer to water and arable land. Villages were generally random in plan, and great kivas, the only ceremonial structures identified in the area, appear to have served more than one village. From the settlement pattern data it is possible to construct a population curve for the area which may be partially explained in terms of botanical and climatological as well as cultural factors. Pine Lawn Valley Mogollon may have had some multi-village social organization which in later times may have united the entire valley. In this respect the Mogollon may have been intermediate between the well-integrated, segmented Anasazi communities in the plateau and the more politically structured Hohokam communities in the desert.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , April 1960 , pp. 538 - 546
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1960

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

A preliminary version of this paper was presented at the 20th Annual Meeting of The Society for American Archaeology, Bloomington, Indiana, May 7, 1955.

References

Bluhm, E. A. 1957 The Sawmill Site, a Reserve Phase Village, Pine Lawn Valley, Western New Mexico. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 47, No. 1. Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago.Google Scholar
Colton, H. S. 1936 The Rise and Fall of the Prehistoric Population of Northern Arizona. Science, Vol. 84, No. 2181, pp. 337–43. Washington.Google Scholar
Danson, E. B. 1957 An Archaeological Survey of West Central New Mexico and East Central Arizona. Papers of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Vol. 44, No. 1. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Eggan, Fred 1950 Social Organization of the Western Pueblos. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Haury, E. W. 1956 Speculations on Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the Southwest. In “Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the New World,” edited by Willey, G. R., pp. 3–10. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 23. Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York.Google Scholar
Hawley, F. M. 1950 Big Kivas, Little Kivas, and Moiety Houses in Historical Reconstruction. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 289–302. Albuquerque.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, P. S. 1940 The SU Site, Excavations at a Mogollon Village, Western New Mexico. Field Museum of Natural History, Anthropological Series, Vol. 32, No. 1. Chicago.Google Scholar
Martin, P. S. 1943 The SU Site, Excavations at a Mogollon Village, Western New Mexico, Second Season, 1941. Field Museum of Natural History, Antriropological Series, Vol. 32, No. 2, Chicago.Google Scholar
Martin, P. S. and Rinaldo, J. B. 1947 The SU Site, Excavations at a Mogollon Village, Western New Mexico, 1946. Field Museum of Natural History, Anthropological Series, Vol. 32, No. 3. Chicago.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, P. S. and Rinaldo, J. B. 1950a Turkey Foot Ridge Site, a Mogollon Village, Pine Lawn Valley, Western New Mexico. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 38, No. 2. Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, P. S. and Rinaldo, J. B. 1950b Sites of the Reserve Phase, Pine Lawn Valley, Western New Mexico. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 30, No. 3, Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago.Google Scholar
Martin, P. S., Rinaldo, J. B., and Antevs, Ernst 1949 Cochise and Mogollon Sites, Pine Lawn Valley, Western New Mexico. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 38, No. 1. Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago.Google Scholar
Martin, P. S., Rinaldo, J. B., and Barter, E. R. 1957 Late Mogollon Communities: Four Sites of the Tularosa Phase, Western New Mexico. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 49, No. 1. Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago.Google Scholar
Martin, P. S., Rinaldo, J. B., Bluhm, E. A., and Cutler, H. C. 1956 Higgins Flat Pueblo. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 45. Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago.Google Scholar
Martin, P. S., Rinaldo, J. B., Bluhm, E. A., Cutler, H. C., and Grange, Roger Jr. 1952 Mogollon Cultural Continuity and Change: The Stratigraphic Analysis of Tularosa and Cordova Caves. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 40. Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago.Google Scholar
Morris, Earl 1939 Archaeological Studies in the La Plata District, Southwestern Colorado and Northwestern New Mexico. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 519. Washington.Google Scholar
Nesbitt, P. H. 1938 Starkweather Ruin, A Mogollon-Pueblo Site in the Upper Gila Area of New Mexico, and Affiliative Aspects in the Mogollon Culture. Logan Museum Publications in Anthropology, Bulletin No. 6, Beloit College, Beloit.Google Scholar
Peckham, Stewart 1957 The Switchback Site, a Stratified Ruin near Reserve, New Mexico. In “Highway Salvage Archaeology, Vol. 3,” edited by Peckham, Stewart, pp. 10–38. New Mexico State Highway Department and Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Peckham, Stewart, Wendorf, Fred, and Ferdon, E. N. Jr. 1956 Excavations Near Apache Creek, New Mexico. In “Highway Salvage Archaeology, Vol. 2,” edited by Wendorf, Fred, pp. 17–65. New Mexico State Highway Department and Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Reed, E. K. 1956 Types of Village-Plan Layouts in the Southwest. In “Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the New World,” edited by Willey, G. R., pp. 18–25. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 23. Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York.Google Scholar
Rowe, Chandler 1947 Wheatley Ridge Site. MS, Masters thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago.Google Scholar
Schroeder, A. H. 1954 Aragon-Apache Creek: Site 13. In “Highway Salvage Archaeology, Vol. I,” edited by Wendorf, Fred, pp. 66–104. New Mexico State Highway Department and Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Schulman, Edmund 1938 Nineteen Centuries of Rainfall in the Southwest. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 51–5. Milton.Google Scholar
Schulman, Edmund 1954 Dendroclimatic Changes in Semi-Arid Regions. Tree Ring Bulletin, Vol. 20, Nos. 3-4, pp. 26–30. Tucson.Google Scholar
Steward, J. H. 1937 Ecological Aspects of Southwestern Society. Anthropos, Vol. 23, pp. 87–104. Posieux (Freiberg).Google Scholar
Wendorf, Fred 1956 Some Distributions of Settlement Patterns in the Pueblo Southwest. In “Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the New World,” edited by Willey, G. R., pp. 18–25. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 23. Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York.Google Scholar