Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-hfldf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-15T19:49:56.812Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Cultural and Natural Formation Processes of a Historic Inuit Snow Dwelling Site, Somerset Island, Arctic Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

James M. Savelle*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H4

Abstract

Analysis of the remains of a historic Inuit winter site, in conjunction with information supplied by one of the original inhabitants, demonstrates that despite post-occupational disturbance in the form of snow melt and associated downslope movement, the original internal site structure was maintained. Specific activity loci are identified for two snow houses, one occupied during early winter and the other during late winter. Changes in artifact and faunal element characteristics associated with the two dwellings are shown to reflect adjustments in various hunting and domestic activities from early to late winter.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Ascher, Robert 1968 Time's Arrow and the Archaeology of a Contemporary Community. In Settlement Archaeology, edited by Chang, K. C., pp. 4352. National Press Books, Palo Alto.Google Scholar
Balikci, Asen 1970 The Netsilik Eskimo. Natural History Press, New York.Google Scholar
Binford, Lewis R. 1978a Dimensional Analysis of Behavior and Site Structure: Learning from an Eskimo Hunting Stand. American Antiquity 43: 330361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binford, Lewis R. 1978b Nunamiut Ethnoarchaeology. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Binford, Lewis R. 1980 Willow Smoke and Dogs’ Tails: Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems and Archaeological Site Formation. American Antiquity 45: 420.Google Scholar
Binford, Lewis R., and Bertram, Jack B. 1977 Bone Frequencies and Attritional Processes. In For Theory Building in Archaeology, edited by R. Binford, Lewis, pp. 77153. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Boas, Franz 1964 The Central Eskimo. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln. Originally published 1888, Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington.Google Scholar
Clarke, Allen B. 1979 1975 Area 1 Survey: Boothia Peninsula, Somerset Island, and Pelly Bay. In Archaeological Whale Bone: A Northern Resource, edited by P. McCartney, Allen, pp. 109141. University of Arkansas Anthropological Papers, 1.Google Scholar
Freeman, Milton M. R. 1979 A Critical View of Thule Culture and Ecological Adaptation. In Thule Eskimo Culture; An Anthropological Retrospective, edited by P. McCartney, Allen, pp. 278285. Archaeological Survey of Canada, Mercury Series, Paper 88.Google Scholar
Gilford, Diane P. 1978 Ethnoarchaeological Observations on Natural Processes Affecting Cultural Materials. In Explorations in Ethnoarchaeology, edited by A. Gould, Richard, pp. 77101. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Gilford, Diane P. 1980 Ethnoarchaeological Contributions to the Taphonomy of Human Sites. In Fossils in the Making, edited by K. Behrensmeyer, Anna and Hill, Andrew P., pp. 93106. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Gif, Ford, Diane, P., and Behrensmeyer, Anna K. 1977 Observed Formation and Burial of a Recent Human Occupation Site in Kenya. Quaternary Research 8: 245266.Google Scholar
Graham, Martha, Raish, Coral, and Sebastian, Lynne 1982 Site Structure and Nunamiut Ethnoarchaeology. Haliksa'I 1: 110119.Google Scholar
Jenness, Diamond 1922 The Life of the Copper Eskimos. Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18 12(A).Google Scholar
Kemp, W. B., Wenzel, G., Jensen, N., and Val, E. 1977 The Communities of Resolute and Kuvinaluk: A Social and Economic Baseline Study. Polar Gas Socioeconomic Program.Google Scholar
Mathiassen, Therkel 1928 Material Culture of the Iglulik Eskimos. Report of the Fifth Thule Expedition 1921-24 6(1).Google Scholar
Maxwell, Moreau S. 1983 Discussant Comments to “Northern Archaeology, Part 1: Regional Synthesis” Presented at the 16th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Archaeological Association, Halifax, April 1983.Google Scholar
McCartney, Allen P. 1979 1976 Excavations on Somerset Island. In Archaeological Whale Bone: A Northern Resource, edited by P. McCartney, Allen, pp. 285314. University of Arkansas Anthropological Papers, 1.Google Scholar
McCartney, Allen P. 1980 The Nature of Thule Eskimo Whale Use. Arctic 33: 517541.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGhee, Robert 1983 The Eastern Arctic: Forty Centuries of Prehistory, Haifa Century of Archaeology. Paper presented at the 16th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Archaeological Association, Halifax, April 1983.Google Scholar
Meldgaard, Jorgen 1960 Prehistoric Sequences in the Eastern Arctic as Elucidated by Stratified Sites at Igloolik. In Selected papers of the Fifth International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, edited by Wallace, A. F. C., pp. 588595.Google Scholar
Rick, John W. 1976 Downslope Movement and Archaeological Intrasite Spatial Analysis. American Antiquity 41: 133144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savelle, James M. 1981 The Nature of Nineteenth Century Inuit Occupations of the High Arctic Islands of Canada. Etudes/ Inuit/Studies 5: 109123.Google Scholar
Schiffer, Michael B. 1972 Archaeological Context and Systemic Context. American Antiquity 37: 156165.Google Scholar
Schiffer, Michael B. 1976 Behavioral Archeology. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Schledermann, Peter 1976 The Effect of Climatic/Ecological Changes on the Style of Thule Culture Winter Dwellings. Arctic and Alpine Research 8: 3747.Google Scholar
South, Stanley 1979 Historic Site Content, Structure, and Function. American Antiquity 44: 213237.Google Scholar
Taylor, William E. 1968 The Arnapik and Tyara Sites: An Archaeological Study of Dorset Culture Origins. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology 22.Google Scholar
Taylor, William E., and McGhee, Robert 1979 Archaeological Material from Creswell Bay, N. W. T., Canada. Archaeological Survey of Canada, Mercury Series, Paper 85.Google Scholar
Wood, W. Raymond, and L. Johnson, Donald 1978 A Survey of Disturbance Processes in Archaeological Site Formation. In Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, volume 5, edited by B. Schiffer, Michael, pp. 315381. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Yellen, John E. 1977a Cultural Patterning in Faunal Remains: Evidence from the !Kung Bushmen. In Experimental Archaeology, edited by Daniel, Ingersoll, Yellen, John E. and William, Macdonald, pp. 271331. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Yellen, John E. 1977b Archaeological Approaches to the Present: Models for Reconstructing the Past. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Yorga, Brian 1979 Migration and Adaptation; A Thule Culture Perspective. In Thule Eskimo Culture: An Anthropological Retrospective, edited by P. McCartney, Allen, pp. 286291. Archaeological Survey of Canada, Mercury Series, Paper 88.Google Scholar