Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8kt4b Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-08T02:59:51.576Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Returns to Soybean Producers from Investments in Promotion and Research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2016

Gary W. Williams ,
C. Richard Shumway  and
H. Alan Love
Gary W. Williams
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
C. Richard Shumway
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Economics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
H. Alan Love
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
Get access

Abstract

U.S. soybean producers have been cooperatively investing in both production research and demand promotion for nearly four decades to enhance the profitability and international competitiveness of their industry. Have producers benefitted from their contributions to soybean checkoff program activities over the years? How has the return to investments in soybean production research compared to that of soybean demand promotion investments? The overall positive returns to producers over the study period resulted primarily from promotion activities. Production research contributed negatively to overall producer returns from soybean checkoff investments.

Keywords

benefit-cost analysischeckoff programpromotionresearchsoybeans
Type
Articles
Information
Agricultural and Resource Economics Review , Volume 31 , Issue 1 , April 2002 , pp. 97 - 111
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akino, M., and Hayami, Y. (1975). “Efficiency and Equity in Public Research: Rice Breeding in Japan's Economic Development” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 57, 1–10.Google Scholar
Ayer, H. W., and Schuh, G. E. (1972). “Social Rates of Return and Other Aspects of Agricultural Research: The Case of Cotton Research in Sao Paulo, Brazil.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 54, 557–569.Google Scholar
Bredahl, M. E., Meyers, W. H., and Collins, K. J. (1979). “The Elasticity of Foreign Demand for U.S. Agricultural Products: The Importance of the Price Transmission Elasticity.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 61, 59–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brundy, J. M., and Jorgenson, D. W. (1971). “Efficient Estimation of Simultaneous Equations by Instrumental Variables.” Review of Economics and Statistics 73, 207–224.Google Scholar
Carman, H. F., and Green, R. D. (1993). “Commodity Supply Response to a Producer-Financed Advertising Program: The California Avocado Industry.” Agribusiness: An International Journal 9, 605–621.Google Scholar
Chavas, J.-P., and Cox, T. L. (1992). “A Nonparametric Analysis of the Influence of Research on Agricultural Productivity.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 74, 583–592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chyc, K. M., and Goddard, E. W. (1994). “Optimal Investment in Generic Advertising and Research: The Case of the Supply-Managed Egg Market. “Agribusiness: An International Journal 10, 145–166.Google Scholar
Edwards, G. W., and Voon, J. P. (1997). “The Calculation of Research Benefits with Linear and Nonlinear Specifications of Demand and Supply: Reply.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 79, 1368–1371.Google Scholar
Elbasha, E. H. (1997). “The Calculation of Research Benefits with Linear and Nonlinear Specifications of Demand and Supply: Comment.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 79, 1363–1367.Google Scholar
Evenson, R.E. (1967). “The Contribution of Agricultural Research to Production.” Journal of Farm Economics 49, 1415–1425.Google Scholar
Evenson, R. E., Waggoner, P. E., and Ruttan, V. W. (1979). “Economic Benefits from Research: An Example from Agriculture.” Science 205, 1101–1107.Google Scholar
Flores-Moya, P., Evenson, R. E., and Hayami, Y. (1978). “Social Returns to Rice Research in the Philippines: Domestic Benefits and Foreign Spillover.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 26, 591–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, G. (1985). “Is the United States Really Underinvesting in Agricultural Research?” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 67, 806–812.Google Scholar
Fuglie, K., Ballenger, N., Day, K., Klotz, C., Ollinger, M., Reilly, J., Vasavada, U., and Yee, J. (1996, May). “Agricultural Research and Development: Public and Private Investments Under Alternative Markets and Institutions.” Agricultural Economics Report No. 735, USDA/Economic Research Service, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Griliches, Z. (1958). “Research Costs and Social Returns: Hybrid Corn and Related Innovations.” Journal of Political Economy 66, 419–431.Google Scholar
Houck, J. P., Ryan, M. E., and Subotnik, A. (1972). Soybeans and Their Products: Markets, Models, and Policy. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Huffman, W. E., and Evenson, R. E. (1989). “Supply and Demand Functions for Multiproduct U.S. Cash Grain Farms: Biases Caused by Research and Other Policies.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 71, 761–773.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinnucan, H. W., Nelson, R. G., and Xiao, H. (1995). “Cooperative Advertising Rent Dissipation.” Marine Resource Economics 10, 373–384.Google Scholar
Kloek, T., and Mennes, L. (1960). “Simultaneous Equations Estimation Based on Principal Components of Predetermined Variables.” Econometrica 28, 45–61.Google Scholar
Lim, H., Shumway, C. R., and Love, H. A. (2000). “Research Contributions from the Soybean Checkoff Program.” Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 25, 128–146.Google Scholar
Linder, R. K., and Jarrett, F. G. (1978). “Supply Shifts and the Size of Research Benefit s.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 60, 48–58.Google Scholar
Meilke, K. D., and Griffith, G. R. (1983). “Incorporating Policy Variables in a Model of the World Soybean/Rapeseed Market” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 65, 65–73.Google Scholar
Meilke, K. D., Wensley, M., and Cluff, M. (2001). “The Impact of Trade Liberalization on the International Oilseed Complex.” Review of Agricultural Economics 23, 2–17.Google Scholar
Miller, G. Y., Rosenblatt, J. M., and Hushak, L. J. (1988). “The Effects of Supply Shifts on Producers’ Surplus.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 60, 886–891.Google Scholar
Mitchell, D. W., and Speaker, P. J. (1986). “A Simple, Flexible Distributed Lag Technique: The Polynomial Inverse Lag.” Journal of Econometrics 31, 329–340.Google Scholar
Mullen, J. D., Alston, J. M., and Wohlgenant, M. K. (1989). “The Impact of Farm and Processing Research on the Australian Wool Industry.” Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics 33, 32–47.Google Scholar
Nagy, J. G., and Furtan, W. H. (1978). “Economic Costs and Returns from Crop Development Research: The Case of Rapeseed Breeding in Canada.” Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics 26, 1–14.Google Scholar
Nerlove, M., and Waugh, F. V. (1961). “Advertising Without Supply Control: Some Implications of a Study of the Advertising of Oranges.” Journal of Farm Economics 43, 813–837.Google Scholar
Norton, G. W., and Davis, J. S. (1981). “Evaluating Returns to Agricultural Research: A Review. ” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 63, 685–699.Google Scholar
Pardey, P. G., and Craig, B. (1989). “Causal Relationships Between Public Sector Agricultural Research Expenditures and Output” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 71, 9–19.Google Scholar
Peterson, W. L. (1967). “Returns to Poultry Research in the United States.” Journal of Farm Economics 49, 656–669.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rose, R. N. (1980). “Supply Shifts and Research Benefits: Comment.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 62, 834–837.Google Scholar
Schmit, T. M., and Kaiser, H. M. (1998). “Egg Advertising, Dietary Cholesterol Concerns, and U.S. Consumer Demand.” Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 27, 43–52.Google Scholar
Schmitz, A. (1988). “Discussion.” In Carter, C. A. and Gardiner, W. H. (eds.), Elasticities in International Agricultural Trade (Chapter 10). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Schuh, G. E. (1984, April). “U.S. Agriculture in the World Economy.” Farm Policy Perspectives: Setting the Stage for the 1985 Agricultural Legislation. U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Schultz, T. W. (1953). The Economic Organization of Agriculture. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Scobie, G. M., Mullen, J. D., and Alston, J. M. (1991). “The Returns to Investment in Research on Australian Wool Production.” Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics 35, 179–195.Google Scholar
Sellen, D., Goddard, E. W., and Duff, S. (1997, March). “Returns from Research and Advertising in the North American Hog and Pork Industry.” In Ferrero, J., Clary, C., and Richards, T. J. (eds.), Economic Analysis of Research and Promotion (pp. 5–27). Proceedings of the Joint NC-208 and NEC-63 Conference, New Orleans, LA.Google Scholar
Texas Agricultural Market Research Center (TAMRC). (1997). “World Soybean and Corn Database.” TAMRC Information Report No. IR 1–97, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.Google Scholar
Texas Agricultural Market Research Center (TAMRC). (1998a). “Soybean Checkoff Investments: Foreign Market Development Expenditures, 1970–1996.” TAMRC Information Report No. IR 1–98, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.Google Scholar
Texas Agricultural Market Research Center (TAMRC). (1998b). “Soybean Checkoff Investments: Soybean Production Research Expenditures, 1978–1995.” TAMRC Information Report No. IR 2–98, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.Google Scholar
Tweeten, L. (1970). Foundations of Farm Policy. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). (1971–1995). Inventory of Agricultural Research [annual series, by fiscal year]. Cooperative State Research Service, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Voon, J. P., and Edwards, G. W. (1991). “The Calculation of Research Benefits with Linear and Nonlinear Specifications of Demand and Supply Functions.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 73, 415–420.Google Scholar
Williams, G. W. (1985). “Returns to U.S. Soybean Export Market Development.” Agribusiness: An International Journal 1, 243–263.Google Scholar
Williams, G. W. (1999). “Commodity Checkoff Programs as Alternative Producer Investment Opportunities: The Case of Soybeans.” Agribusiness: An International Journal 15, 539–552.Google Scholar
Williams, G. W., and Nichols, J. P. (1998, May). “Effectiveness of Commodity Promotion.” Texas Agricultural Market Research Center (TAMRC) Consumer and Product Research Report No. CP-1-98, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.Google Scholar
Williams, G. W., Shumway, C. R., Love, H. A., and Ward, J. B. (1998, May). “Effectiveness of the Soybean Checkoff Program.” Texas Agricultural Market Research Center (TAMRC) Commodity Market Research Report No. CM-2-98, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.Google Scholar
Wohlgenant, M. K. (1993). “Distribution of Gains from Research and Promotion in Multi-Stage Production Systems: The Case of the U.S. Beef and Pork Industries.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 75, 642–651.Google Scholar
Zentner, R. P., and Peterson, W. L. (1984). “An Economic Evaluation of Public Wheat Research and Extension Expenditures in Canada.” Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics 32, 327–353.Google Scholar