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Decolonizing Science, Digitizing the Occult: Theory from the Virtual South

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2021

Sasha Newell*
Affiliation:
ULB, Anthropologie Sociale, Bruxelles, BE. E-mail: anewell@ulb.be

Abstract

In this article Newell uses two case studies to explore one of the central threads of Mbembe’s Abiola lecture, the idea that there is a relationship between the plasticity of digital technology and African cosmologies of the deuxième monde. One case concerns the viral YouTube video #sciencemustfall, in which students at the University of Cape Town criticize “Western” science and demand that African forms of knowledge such as witchcraft be incorporated into the meaning of science. The second case considers fieldwork among the brouteurs of Côte d’Ivoire, internet scammers who build intimate relationships on false premises using social media. They acquire shocking amounts of wealth in this way which they display on their own social media accounts. However, they are said to use occult means to seduce and persuade their virtual lovers, trapping their prey in the sticky allure of the world wide web. Newell uses both examples to highlight the overlaps between the transformational efficacies embedded in both occult ontologies and digital worldings, calling for the possibility of using African cosmologies of the second world to produce a ‘theory from the south’ of virtual sociality.

Résumé

Résumé

Dans cet article Newell utilise deux études de cas pour explorer l’un des fils conducteurs de la conférence Abiola de Mbembe, l’idée qu’il existe une relation entre la plasticité de la technologie numérique et les cosmologies africaines du deuxième monde. Un cas concerne la vidéo virale de Youtube #sciencemustfall, dans laquelle des étudiants de l’Université de Cape Town critiquent la science « occidentale » et exigent que les formes africaines de la connaissance telle que la sorcellerie soient incorporées dans le sens de la science. Le second cas concerne le travail sur le terrain parmi les brouteurs de Côte d’Ivoire ; escrocs d’Internet qui construisent des relations intimes sur de fausses prémisses en utilisant les médias sociaux. Ils acquièrent ainsi des quantités choquantes de richesse qu’ils affichent sur leurs propres comptes de médias sociaux. Cependant, on dit qu’ils utilisent des moyens occultes pour séduire et persuader leurs amants virtuels, piégeant leurs proies dans l’attrait visqueux de la toile mondiale. Newell utilise ces deux exemples pour mettre en évidence les chevauchements entre les efficacités transformationnelles intégrées à la fois dans les ontologies occultes et les agents des mondes numériques, appelant la possibilité d’utiliser les cosmologies africaines du deuxième monde pour produire une « théorie du sud » de la socialité virtuelle.

Resumo

Resumo

Neste artigo, Newell recorre a dois estudos de caso para analisar um dos argumentos centrais da lição que Achille Mbembe proferiu em Abiola: a ideia de que existe uma relação entre a plasticidade da tecnologia digital e as cosmologias africanas do segundo mundo. Um dos estudos de caso diz respeito ao vídeo #sciencemustfall, que se tornou viral no YouTube, no qual estudantes da Universidade da Cidade do Cabo criticam a ciência do «Ocidente» e exigem que as formas africanas de conhecimento, nomeadamente a feitiçaria, sejam incorporadas no conceito de ciência. O segundo estudo refere-se ao trabalho de campo realizado entre os brouteurs da Costa do Marfim, burlões da internet que constroem relações íntima com base em falsas premissas através das redes sociais. Estes burlões obtêm assim quantias avultadas, e exibem a sua riqueza nas contas pessoais das redes sociais. No entanto, diz-se que recorrem a métodos ocultos para seduzir e persuadir os/as seus/suas amantes virtuais, armando ciladas às suas vítimas através dos encantos da world wide web. Newell recorre a ambos os exemplos para sublinhar as sobreposições entre as fórmulas eficazes de transformação presentes tanto nas ontologias ocultas como nos mundos digitais, chamando a atenção para a possibilidade de utilizar as cosmologias africanas do segundo mundo para criar uma “teoria do sul” da sociabilização virtual.

Type
Forum: Decolonizing the Virtual: Future Knowledges and the Extrahuman in Africa
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the African Studies Association

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