Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-swr86 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T08:39:40.785Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

China in Ethiopia: Diplomacy and Economics of Sino-optimism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2013

Abstract:

This article examines the motive behind China's increased activities in Ethiopia in recent years and concludes that it lies in Ethiopia's perceived diplomatic usefulness. If China's relations with many African countries could be described as one of “infrastructure for natural resources,” the Sino-Ethiopian relationship can be described “infrastructure for diplomatic support.” After exploring the nature and scope of Ethiopia's relations with China and highlighting areas of divergence of interest, the article seeks to demonstrate how the convergence of interests between the two countries has ushered in a period of Sino-optimism among Ethiopia's elite and rising expectations among ordinary Ethiopians.

Résumé:

Résumé:

Cet article examine les motivations derrière l'intensification récente de l'activité Chinoise en Ethiopie et conclut que l'Ethiopie est considéréé par la Chine comme un allié diplomatique utile. Si les relations de la Chine avec bien des pays africains pouvaient être décrites comme un “échange d'infrastructure contre des ressources naturelles,” la relation sino-éthiopienne peut être vue, elle, comme “un échange d'infrastructure contre un soutien diplomatique.” Après avoir exploré la nature et l'étendue des relations entre l'Éthiopie et la Chine, et après avoir mis l'accent sur les zones de divergence d'intérêts, cet article vise à montrer comment la convergence d'intérêts entre les deux pays a ouvert la voie d'un côté à une période de “sino optimisme” pour l'élite éthiopienne, et de l'autre ê des attentes grandissantes venant de la population générale.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Addis, Fortune. 2011. “Chinese Firm Eyes Gas Export from Calub through Berbera.” July 24. addisfortune.com.Google Scholar
Addis, Neger. 2010. “China Involved in ESAT Jamming: Addis Neger Report.” June 22. ethiomedia.com.Google Scholar
Addis, Voice. 2010. “Activists Deplore China's Role in Ethiopia.” August 3. addisvoice.com.Google Scholar
Adem, Seifudein. 2011. “Three Perspectives on Afro-Chinese Relations: Sino-optimism, Sino-pragmatism, Sino-pessimism.” Paper Presented at the 13th CODESRIA General Assembly, Rabat, Morocco.Google Scholar
Alden, C. 2005. “China in Africa.” Survival 47 (3): 147-64.Google Scholar
Alden, C.. 2007. China in Africa. London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Amina, A., 2009. “Strategic Direction.” China, Africa and the African Diaspora: Perspectives, edited by Freeman, S. T., 3234. Washington, D.C.: Aasbea Publishers.Google Scholar
Ampiah, K. 1996. “Japanese Aid to Tanzania: A Study of the Political Marketing of Japan in Africa.” African Affairs 95 (378): 107-24.Google Scholar
Brautigam, D. 2009. The Dragon's Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cheru, Fantu, and Calais, M.. 2010. “Countering ‘New Imperialisms’: What Role for the New Partnership for African Development?” In The Rise of China and India in Africa, edited by Cheru, F. and Obi, C., 221-42, Uppsala: Nordic Africa Institute.Google Scholar
Chuen, L. T. 2008. “Regulating China? Regulating Globalization?” In China's New Role in Africa and the South: A Search for a New Synthesis, edited by Guerero, D. and Manji, F., 1316. Cape Town: Fahamu.Google Scholar
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). 2011. The WorldFactbook. cia.gov.Google Scholar
Daddi, Ketema Meskela. 2009. “Political Economy of China-Africa Relations: A Case Study of China-Ethiopia Relations. 1949-2006.” Ph.D. diss., Northeast Normal University, China.Google Scholar
Davies, M. 2008. “Special Economic Zones: China's Developmental Model Comes to Africa.” In China into Africa: Trade, Aid and Influence, edited by Rotberg, R. I., 137-54. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Desta, Asayehgn. 2009. “Chinese Investment in Ethiopia.” aigaforum.com.Google Scholar
Dijk, M. P. van. 2009. “The Impact of the Chinese in Other African Countries.” In The New Presence of China in Africa, edited by van Dijk, M. P., 156-74. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.Google Scholar
Dilnessa, Addis. 2005. “Relations between Ethiopia and China: An Ethiopian Perspective.” In China Comes to Africa, edited by Abraham, K., 241-50. Addis Ababa: EIIPD.Google Scholar
Dugger, C. W. 2010. “Report Offers Optimistic View of Africa's Economies.” The New York Times, June 24.Google Scholar
Epstein, H. 2010. “Cruel Ethiopia.” The New York Times Review of Books, April 24.Google Scholar
Ethiopian, Herald. 1996. “Presidentjiang's Visit Said a Milestone in Ethio-China Relations.” May 12.Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2003Ethiopia, China Agree to Bolster Relations.” December 16.Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2004a. “China Desires to Consolidate Bilateral Ties with Ethiopia.” November 4.Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2004b. “PM Urges Chinese Investors to Take Part in Ethiopia's Development Endeavor.” November 5.Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2007a. “China Pledges to Further Step Up Development Assistance.” April 17.Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2007b. “Ambassador Speaks of Increased Chinese Assistance.” June 7.Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2008a. “Ministry, Chinese Company Sign Project Execution Accord.” March 18Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2008b. “Ministry, Chinese Company Sign Mining Accord.” March 20Google Scholar
Epstein, H.. 2008c. “Africa Needs to Learn from China's Development Paradigm: Meies.” December 23.Google Scholar
Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). 2006. “Ethiopian PM: China Not Looting Africa.” October 16. focac.org.Google Scholar
Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). 2010a. “China, AU Celebrate Completion of Main Structure of AU's Modern Conference Center.” June 3. focac.org.Google Scholar
Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). 2010b. “Time Magazine Interview with Mr. Lu Shaye, Director-General of Department of African Affairs.” September 9. www.focac.org.Google Scholar
Fitzgerald, M. 2011. “China Invests in Ethiopia but at What Cost?Irish Times, January 27. www.irishtimes.com.Google Scholar
Foster, V., et al. 2008. Building Bridges: China's Growing Role as Infrastructure Financier for Africa. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.Google Scholar
Gamora, Gedion. 2010. “Ethiopia and China Economic Relations.”Google Scholar
Gamora, Gedion, et al. 2009. The Implementation of the “Nine Principles” by Chinese Companies in Ethiopia. Nairobi: Fahamu.Google Scholar
Gamora, Gedion, and Mathews, K.. 2010. “Ethio-China Relations.” In Chinese and African Perspectives on China in Africa, edited by Harniet-Sievers, A. et al., 92107. Kampala: Pampazuka Press.Google Scholar
Gebre, P. H. 2009. “China in Ethiopia: Just-in-Time.” In China, Africa and the African Diaspora: Perspectives, edited by Freeman, S. T., 164-83. Washington, D.C.: Aas-bea Publishers.Google Scholar
Gettleman, J. 2007. “Ethiopian Rebels Kill 70 at Chinese-Run Oil Field.” The New York Times, April 25.Google Scholar
Gudina, Merera. 2010. “Party Politics, Political Polarization and the Future of Ethiopia.” Horn of Africa. 28: 1846.Google Scholar
Herbst, J. 2007. “Crafting Regional Cooperation in Africa.” In Crafting Cooperation: Regional International Institutions in Comparative Perspective, edited by Acharaya, A. and Johnston, A. I., 129-44. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jakobson, L. 2009. “China's Diplomacy toward Africa.” International Relations of the Asia-Pacific 9 (3): 403-33.Google Scholar
Jiangsu Qiyuan Group. 2011. “The Eastern Industry Zone in Ethiopia Had Attracted Changfa Agricultural Equipment Manufacturing Investment Project.” www.qiyuangroup.com.Google Scholar
Keet, D. 2008. “The Role and Impact of Chinese Economic Activities in Africa.” In China's New Role in Africa and the South: A Search for a New Perspective, edited by Guerrero, Dorothy-Grace and Manji, F., 7896, Cape Town: Fahamu.Google Scholar
Kurlantzick, J. 2009. “China's Soft Power in Africa.” In Soft Power: China's Emerging Strategy in International Politics, edited by Li, M., 165-83. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Lee, H., and Shalmon, D.. 2008. “Searching for Oil: China's Oil Strategies in Africa.” In China into Africa: Trade, Aid and Influence, edited by Rotberg, R. I., 109-36. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
March 4 Freedom. 2010. “China: Stop Supporting State Sponsored Terrorism in Ethiopia.” August 4. www.andinetusa.org.Google Scholar
Mogae, F. 2009. “A New Development Partner: New Opportunities.” In China, Africa and the African Diaspora: Perspectives, edited by Freeman, S. T., 2127. Washington, D.C.: Aasbea Publishers.Google Scholar
Mensah, C. 2010. “China's Foray into Africa: Ideational Underpinnings and Geoeconomic Interests.” African Journal of Political Science and International Relations 4 (3): 96108.Google Scholar
Michel, S. and Beuret, M.. 2009. China Safari: On the Trails of Beijing's Expansion in Africa. New York: Nation Books.Google Scholar
Olopade, D. 2008. “China's Long March Across Africa.” www.africa.com.Google Scholar
Paez, L., et al. 2010. “A Decade of African-US Trade under AGOA: Challenges, Opportunities and Framework for Post-AGOA Engagement.”Google Scholar
The Reporter. 2009. “High-Rise Building Financing China Exim Bank to Provide USD 170 million.” January 3.Google Scholar
People's Republic of China. 2010. “Position Paper of the People's Republic of China at the 65th Session of the UN General Assembly.” October. http://et.Chmaembassy.org.Google Scholar
Ping, A. 2005. “Ethiopia in the New Century: A Chinese Perspective.” In China Comes to Africa, edited by Abraham, K., 227-40. Addis Ababa: EIIPD.Google Scholar
Polgreen, L. 2009. “As Chinese Investment in Africa Drops, Hope Sinks.” The New York Times, March 26.Google Scholar
Raine, S. 2009. China's African Challenge. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Shelton, G. 2007. “Afro-Chinese Relations in an Era of Globalization.” In Afro-Chinese Relations: Past, Present and Future, edited by Prah, K. K., 232-67. Cape Town: CASA.Google Scholar
Sihao, X. 2010. “Ethiopian PM: China Not Looting Africa.” http://news.xinhuanet.com.Google Scholar
Taylor, I. 2009. China's New Role in Africa. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner.Google Scholar
Thakur, M. 2009. Building on Progressi Chinese Engagement in Ethiopia. Occasional Paper No 38. Johannesburg: SAIIA.Google Scholar
Tronvoll, K. 2011. “The Ethiopian 2010 Federal and Regional Elections: Re-establishing the One Party State.” African Affairs 110 (438): 121-36.Google Scholar
Tuli, D. M. 2006. “China's Engagement in Africa: Scope, Significance, and Consequence.” Journal of Modern African Studies 44 (3): 459-79.Google Scholar
United Nations. 2010. U.N. Commodity Trade Statistics Database (COMTRADE). comtrade.un.org.Google Scholar
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). 2008. UNC-TAD Handbook of Statistics. New York: United Nations.Google Scholar
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). 2010. “Economic Development in Africa.” New York: United Nations.Google Scholar
U.S. Census Bureau. 2011. “Trade in Goods with Ethiopia.” www.census.gov.Google Scholar
U.S. Government. 2011. USAID. Fact Sheet, FY 2008-11 USAID-State, Foreign Assistance Appropriations, www.usaid.com Google Scholar
Walta Information and Public Relations Center S.C. (Walta Info). 2010. “Interview with China's FM.” January 29. www.waltainfo.com.Google Scholar
Yager, T. R. 2010. “The Mineral Industry of Ethiopia.” USGS 2008 Minerals Yearbook, Washington, D. C.: U.S. Department of Interior.Google Scholar
Zenawi, Meies. 2005. “Remarks at the Second Ministerial Conference of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum.” In China Comes to Africa, edited by Abraham, K., 197201. Addis Ababa: EIIPD.Google Scholar