Following the ongoing review of the structure of the British Library in 2001-2002, all the humanities collections of the Library which previously had been split between two directorates (Special Collections and Readers Services & Collection Development) were united in a single new Directorate called Scholarship and Collections (S & C). Clive Field, previously Librarian and Director of Information Services at the University of Birmingham, was appointed Director of S & C in September 2001. The humanities collections forming the new Directorate have since been divided into three aggregations: British Collections, European and American Collections, and Asia, Pacific and Africa Collections (APAC). APAC comprises principally the former Oriental and India Office Collections (OIOC), with the addition of the parts of the former Overseas English Section dealing with Asia, the Pacific and Africa.