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Kyanship and kinship among the Tarok

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2011

Extract

The Tarok of Plateau State in Northern Nigeria, or Yergam as they are better known, may have a unique kinship system.

Their kinship institutions, and especially their kyanship, that is, the positions and roles of the mother's mother's brother (MMB) and mother's brother (MB), raise fundamental questions about the nature of filiation and descent. To indicate the problem we first briefly describe Tarok forms of kinship and marriage and then concentrate on its distinctive feature, namely, the institution of kyanship. In closing we suggest how the system probably emerged and discuss its implications.

Résumé

Kyanship et les liens de parenté chez les Taroks

Les Taroks (ou Yergams, comme on les appelle couramment) de l'Etat des Plateaux du Nigeria déclarent que ‘si les fils “suivent” les pères, les filles “suivent” leurs mères’. Leurs institutions en matière de liens de parenté et notamment leur kyanship (c.-à-d. les positions et les rôles occupés par le frère de la mère de la mère et par le frère de la mère), posent des problèmes fondamentaux en ce qui concerne la nature de la parenté et de la descendance. Les relations créées par le kyanship passent par les femmes et cependant, les femmes, à l'inverse des hommes, n'ont pas de kyan dans les générations qui leur succèdent. Parallèlement, les filles et les fils sont affiliés de façon différente; il semble même que la loi de parenté des Taroks, si elle reconnaît la paternité des filles, n'impose cependant pas leur patrifiliation. L'asymétrie du système est trop complexe pour pouvoir être simplement qualifiée de double descendance.

Type
A new system of kinship?
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1990

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