Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vsgnj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-21T00:47:11.293Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Use of Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy as a Tool for Studying the Surface Region of Metals and Alloys*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

J.E. Holliday
J.E. Holliday*
Affiliation:
McDonnell Douglas Research Laboratories, McDonnell Douglas Corporation, St. Louis, Missouri 63166
Get access

Abstract

The present investigation shows that soft x-ray spectroscopy is an effective tool for investigating the surface region of metals and alloys from 10 to 1000 Å. Results are presented where soft x-ray spectroscopy was employed to investigate oxidation of metals and alloys, alloy dissolution, and protective coatings. By using the LII/LIII ratio of iron and titanium, the surface oxide thicknesses of these metals could be obtained, For Fe-Cr alloys there is an increase in the amount of chromium relative to chromium oxide with decreasing chormium content. The oxide surface of steel with a 50 Å metal protective coating was reduced when the protective metal oxide had a heat of formation greater than that of iron oxide. In Cu-30Zn alloys, the first 15 min of dissolution showed an increased copper enrichment in the surface of Cu-30Zn.

Type
Research Article
Information
Advances in X-Ray Analysis , Volume 16: 'Twenty-First Annual Conference on Applications of X-ray Analysis, August 2-4, 1972 , 1972 , pp. 53 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 1972

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

This research was conducted under the McDonnell Douglas Independent Research and Development Program.

References

1. Holliday, J.E., “The Effect of Surface Oxide on the Changes in the Fe LII/LIII Ratio with Accelerating Voltage” in The Advances in X-Ray Analysis, ed. Barrett, C.S., Newkirk, J.B., and Ruud, C., (Plenum Publishing Co., New York, 1971), Vol. 14, p. 243.Google Scholar
2. Holliday, J.E., “Soft X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy in the 10 to 150 Å Region”, in The Handbook of X-Rays, ed. Kaelble, E.F., (McGraw Hill Book Co., New York, 1967), p. 38–1.Google Scholar
3. Hoffman, L., Weich, G. and Zopf, E., “Investigation of Depth Distribution of Characteristic X-Rays of Boron, Carbon, Aluminum and Silver Exhibited by Electron Bombardment”, Z. Physik 229, 131(1969).Google Scholar
4. Anderson, C.A., “Electron Probe Microanalysis of Thin Layers and Small Particles with Emphasis on Light Element Determination”, in The Electron Microprobe, ed. McKinley, T.D., Heinrich, K.F.V., and Wittry, D.B., (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1966), p. 58.Google Scholar
5. Holliday, J.E. and Frankenthal, R.P., “Characterization of Passivating Films on Fe-Cr Alloys by Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy”, J. Electrochem. Soc. 119, 1190 (1972).Google Scholar
6. Pickering, H.W. and Byrne, P.J., “Partial Currents During Anodic Dissolution of Cu-Zn Alloys at Constant Potential”, J. Electrochem. Soc. 114, 698 (1967).Google Scholar
7. Holliday, J.E., Pickering, H.W., “A Soft X-Ray Study of the Near Surface Composition of a Binary Alloy During Simultaneous Dissolution of It's Components”, J. Electro. Chem. (submitted for publication).Google Scholar