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A five-year follow-up study of antioxidants, oxidative stress and polyunsaturated fatty acids in schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2019

Dag K. Solberg Open the ORCID record for Dag K. Solberg [Opens in a new window] ,
Helge Refsum ,
Ole A. Andreassen Open the ORCID record for Ole A. Andreassen [Opens in a new window]  and
Håvard Bentsen Open the ORCID record for Håvard Bentsen [Opens in a new window]
Dag K. Solberg*
Affiliation:
Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Helge Refsum
Affiliation:
Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Ole A. Andreassen
Affiliation:
NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Håvard Bentsen
Affiliation:
Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
*
Author for correspondence: Dag Kristen Solberg, Email: dag.solberg@diakonsyk.no
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Abstract

Objective:

Oxidative stress and dysregulated antioxidant defence may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In the present study, we investigated changes in antioxidants and oxidative stress from an acute to a later stable phase. We hypothesised that the levels of oxidative markers are increased in schizophrenia compared with healthy controls; change from the acute to the stable phase; and are associated with the levels of membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and symptom severity.

Methods:

Fifty-five patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, assessed during an acute phase and 5 years later during a stable phase, and 51 healthy controls were included. We measured antioxidants (α-tocopherol, uric acid, albumin and bilirubin), markers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostane and reactive oxygen metabolites) and membrane fatty acids. Antioxidants and oxidative stress markers were compared in schizophrenia versus healthy controls, adjusting for differences in sex, age and smoking, and changes over time. Associations between symptoms and PUFA were also investigated.

Results:

In the acute phase, α-tocopherol was significantly higher (p < 0.001), while albumin was lower (p < 0.001) compared with the stable phase. Changes in α-tocopherol were associated with PUFA levels in the acute phase. In the stable phase, schizophrenia patients had higher uric acid (p = 0.009) and lower bilirubin (p = 0.046) than healthy controls. CRP was higher in patients in the stable phase (p < 0.001), and there was no significant change from the acute phase.

Conclusion:

The present findings of change in antioxidant levels in the acute versus stable phase of schizophrenia the present findings suggest that redox regulation is dynamic and changes during different phases of the disorder.

Keywords

schizophreniaantioxidantspolyunsaturated fatty acidsα-tocopheroloxidative stress
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 31 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 202 - 212
Copyright
© Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2019 

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