Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-v5vhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-17T02:05:53.959Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter Five - The Criminalization of Migration

A Regional Transnational Legal Order or the Rise of a Meta-TLO?

from Part II - Transnational Legal Ordering and Transnational Crimes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2020

By
Vanessa Barker
Edited by
Gregory Shaffer  and
Ely Aaronson
Gregory Shaffer
Affiliation:
University of California, Irvine
Ely Aaronson
Affiliation:
University of Haifa, Israel
Get access

Summary

This chapter examines the criminalization of migration through the lens of transnational legal orders (TLOs). By doing so, it seeks to explain dramatic episodes such as the Diciotti refugee incident in Italy, but also provide socio-legal analysis for far-reaching practices such as immigration detention, removal, and refusal of entry, all of which depend on the development of a formalizing legal order and specific regulation such as the EU Returns Directive that transcends national boundaries. It argues that affluent democratic societies of the Global North are in the middle of a major transformation of governance while transnational legal orders are at the center of it.

Keywords

transnational legal orderingcriminalization of migrationhuman rightsborder criminologymigrationEuropean Unionrefugee crisisEU Returns Directivesocial solidarity
Type
Chapter
Information
Transnational Legal Ordering of Criminal Justice , pp. 154 - 175
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Aas, Katja Franko. 2013. Globalization and Crime, 2nd ed. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Aas, Katja Franko. 2014. “Bordered Penalty: Precarious Membership and Abnormal Justice.” Punishment and Society 16(5): 520–541.Google Scholar
Aas, Franko, Katja, and Bosworth, Mary, eds. 2013. Borders of Punishment: Citizenship, Migration, Citizenship and Social Exclusion. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Aas, Katja Franko, and Gundhus, Helene. 2015. “Policing Humanitarian Borderlands: Frontex, Human Rights and the Precariousness of Life.” British Journal of Criminology 55: 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barker, Vanessa. 2013. Democracy and Deportation: Why Membership Matters Most. Pp. 237–256. In Borders of Punishment: Citizenship, Migration, Citizenship and Social Exclusion. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Barker, Vanessa. 2017. “Penal Power at the Border: Realigning State and Nation.” Theoretical Criminology 21(4): 441–457.Google Scholar
Barker, Vanessa. 2018. Nordic Nationalism and Penal Order: Walling the Welfare State. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bosworth, Mary. 2008. “Border Control and the Limits of the Sovereign State.” Social Legal Studies 17(2): 199–215.Google Scholar
Bosworth, Mary. 2014. Inside Immigration Detention. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bosworth, M. 2017. “Penal Humanitarianism: Sovereign Power in an Era of Mass Migration.” New Criminal Law Review. 39(20).Google Scholar
Bosworth, Mary, Franko, Katja, and Pickering, Sharon. 2017. “Punishment, Globalization, and Migration Control: ‘Get Them the Hell Out of Here.’” Punishment and Society 20(1): 34–53.Google Scholar
Bowling, Benjamin, and Sheptycki, James. 2012. Global Policing. London: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cancellaro, Francesca Zirulia, Stefano. 2018. Controlling Migration through De Facto Detention: The Case of the “Diciotti” Italian Ship. www.law.ox.ac.uk/research-subject-groups/centre-criminology/centreborder-criminologies/blog/2018/10/controlling (accessed December 31, 2018).Google Scholar
Canning, Victoria. 2017. Gendered Harm and Structural Violence in the British Asylum System. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Chacón, Jennifer. 2009. “Managing Migration through Crime.” Columbia Law Review Sidebar 109: 135.Google Scholar
De Genova, Nicholas. 2010. The Deportation Regime: Sovereignty, Space and the Freedom of Movement. Pp. 33–68. In The Deportation Regime: Sovereignty, Space, and the Freedom of Movement, eds. de Genova, Nicholas and Nathalie, Peutz. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Duff, Antony. 2001. Punishment, Communication and Community. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lex, EU. 2018. EU Directives. EU Lex, Access to European Law. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=LEGISSUM%3Al14527 (accessed December 9, 2018).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2015a. “Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee on the Regions: A European Agenda on Migration.” European Commission, Brussels, 13.5. 2015 COM (2015) 240 final.Google Scholar
European Commission. 2015. Hotspot Approach. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/policies/european-agenda-migration/background-information/docs/2_hotspots_en.pdf (accessed January 1, 2019.)Google Scholar
European Commission. 2015a. Fact Sheet. Questions and Answers on the European Agenda on Migration. Brussels May 13, 2015. https://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-15–4957_en.htm (accessed August 28, 2019).Google Scholar
European Commission. 2018. A Strengthened and Fully Equipped European Border and Coast Guard. September 12, 2018.Google Scholar
European Commission. 2018a. State of the Union 2018: Commission Proposes Last Elements Needed for Compromise on Migration and Border Reform. Strasbourg, September 12. Press Release.Google Scholar
European Commission. 2018b. Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Common Standards and Procedures in Member States for Returning Illegally Staying Third-Country Nationals (Recast). European Commission, Salzburg on September 19–20, 2018. Brussels, 12.9.2018 COM (2018) 634 final.Google Scholar
European Commission. 2020. The EU Facility for Refugees in Turkey. https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/sites/near/files/frit_factsheet.pdf.Google Scholar
European Parliamentary Research Service. 2019. Priority 8: Toward a New Policy on Migration. European Parliament.Google Scholar
European Union. 2008. Directive 2008/115/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, December 16, 2008, on Common Standards and Procedures in Member States for Returning Illegally Staying Third-Country Nationals. Official Journal of the European Union.Google Scholar
Eurostat. 2018. Statistics on Enforcement of Immigration Legislation. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Enforcement_of_immigration_legislation_statistics.Google Scholar
Fleury-Steiner, Benjamin, and Longazel, Jamie. 2016. “The Pains of Immigrant Imprisonment.” Sociology Compass 10: 989–998.Google Scholar
Flyvbjerg, Bent. 2011. Case Study. In The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, edited by Denzin, Norman K. and Lincoln, Yvonne S.. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Franko, Katja. 2020. The Crimmigrant Other: Migration and Penal Power, 1st ed. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Garland, David. 2001. The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Global Detention Project. www.globaldetentionproject.org (accessed December 9, 2018).Google Scholar
Halliday, Terence, and Shaffer, Gregory. 2015a. Transnational Legal Orders. Pp. 3–72. In Transnational Legal Orders, edited by Halliday, Terence and Shaffer, Gregory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Halliday, Terence, and Shaffer, Gregory. 2015b. Researching Transnational Legal Orders. Pp. 475–528. In Transnational Legal Orders, edited by Halliday, Terence and Shaffer, Gregory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Heinsen, Johan. 2018. The Scandinavian Empires in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Pp. 97–122. In Global History of Convicts and Penal Colonies, edited by Anderson, Clare. London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Leutert, Stephanie, Ezzel, Ellie, Arvey, Savitri, Sanchez, Gabriella, Yates, Caitlyn, and Kuhne, Paul. 2018. Asylum Processing and Waitlists: At the US-Mexico Border. Migration Policy Center, European University Institute. www.migrationpolicycentre.eu/new-report-asylum-processing-and-waitlists-at-the-us-mexico-border (accessed February 6, 2019).Google Scholar
Loyd, Jenna M., and Mountz, Alison. 2018. Boats, Borders and Bases: Race, the Cold War, and the Rise of Migration Detention in the United States. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Manieri, Maria Giovanna. 2018. Current Trends, Numbers and Routes in EU Migration: Is Existing Law Creating Irregularity? Committee of Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs, European Parliament. Presentation at Managing Migration through Criminal Law Tools meeting. December 3–4, University of Milano.Google Scholar
Medecins sans Frontiers. n.d. Mediterranean Search and Rescue. www.msf.org.uk/country/mediterranean-search-and-rescue.Google Scholar
Mitsilegas, Valsamis. 2015. The Criminalisation of Migration in Europe: Challenges for Human Rights and the Rule of Law. London: Springer.Google Scholar
NATO. 2016. NATO’s Deployment in the Aegean Sea: Fact Sheet. www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/pdf_2016_07/20160627_1607-factsheet-aegean-sea-eng.pdf (accessed February 6, 2019).Google Scholar
Rajah, Jothie. 2015. “Rule of Law” as Transnational Legal Order. Pp. 340–373 in Transnational Legal Orders, edited by Halliday, Terence and Shaffer, Gregory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sanchez, Gabriella. 2016. Human Smuggling and Border Crossing. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Scharff Smith, Peter. 2008. “Solitary Confinement: An Introduction to the Istanbul Statement on the Uses and Effects of Solitary Confinement.” Torture Volume 18(1): 56–62.Google Scholar
Statewatch, . 2018. Dangerous Link between Migration, Development and Security for the Externalization of Borders in Africa: Case Studies on Sudan, Niger, and Tunisia. www.statewatch.org/news/2018/jul/report-frontiere-2018-english-.pdf?utm_source=ECRE+Newsletters&utm_campaign=b7215dda50-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_08_06_12_37&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_3ec9497afd-b7215dda50-422285469.Google Scholar
Stumpf, Juliet. 2006. “The Crimmigration Crisis: Immigration, Crime and Sovereign Power.” American University Law Review 52(2): 367–419.Google Scholar
United Nations Human Rights Council [UNHRC], n.d. Rescue at Sea. www.unhcr.org/4ef3002c9.pdf (accessed February 6, 2019).Google Scholar
van der Woude, Maartje, van der Leun, Johanna, and Nijland, JA. 2014. “Crimmigration in the Netherlands.” Law and Social Inquiry 39: 560–579.Google Scholar
van Zyl Smit, Dirk, and Snacken, Sonja 2009. The Principles of European Prison Law and Policy: Penology and Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Weber, Leanne, and Pickering, Sharon. 2011. Globalization and Borders: Death at the Global Frontier. London: Palgrave.Google Scholar
https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/21/europe/diciotti-italy-coast-guard-ship-migrants-standoff-intl/index.htmlGoogle Scholar
www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/25/matteo-salvini-formally-investigated-over-migrant-ship-standoffGoogle Scholar
www.thelocal.se/20180822/sweden-turns-down-migrants-docked-in-italyGoogle Scholar
www.gppi.net/fileadmin/user_upload/media/pub/2017/GPPi_DRC_RMMS_2017_Protection_Fallout.pdfGoogle Scholar
https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/21/europe/diciotti-italy-coast-guard-ship-migrants-standoff-intl/index.htmlGoogle Scholar
www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/25/matteo-salvini-formally-investigated-over-migrant-ship-standoffGoogle Scholar
www.thelocal.se/20180822/sweden-turns-down-migrants-docked-in-italyGoogle Scholar
www.gppi.net/fileadmin/user_upload/media/pub/2017/GPPi_DRC_RMMS_2017_Protection_Fallout.pdfGoogle Scholar

Media Sources on the Diciotti Italian Coast Guard Ship

https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/21/europe/diciotti-italy-coast-guard-ship-migrants-standoff-intl/index.htmlGoogle Scholar
www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/25/matteo-salvini-formally-investigated-over-migrant-ship-standoffGoogle Scholar
www.thelocal.se/20180822/sweden-turns-down-migrants-docked-in-italyGoogle Scholar
www.gppi.net/fileadmin/user_upload/media/pub/2017/GPPi_DRC_RMMS_2017_Protection_Fallout.pdfGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×