Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-21T16:34:39.718Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

8 - The self in depression

from Section 3 - The self in specific psychological disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2016

By
Patrick Luyten  and
Peter Fonagy
Edited by
Michael Kyrios ,
Richard Moulding ,
Guy Doron ,
Sunil S. Bhar ,
Maja Nedeljkovic  and
Mario Mikulincer
Foreword by
Aaron T. Beck
Michael Kyrios
Affiliation:
Australian National University, Canberra
Richard Moulding
Affiliation:
Deakin University, Victoria
Guy Doron
Affiliation:
Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
Sunil S. Bhar
Affiliation:
Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria
Maja Nedeljkovic
Affiliation:
Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria
Mario Mikulincer
Affiliation:
Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
The Self in Understanding and Treating Psychological Disorders , pp. 71 - 81
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arieti, S., & Bemporad, J. (1978). Psychotherapy of Severe and Mild Depression. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.Google Scholar
Bargh, J. A. (2011). Unconscious thought theory and its discontents: A critique of the critiques. Social Cognition, 29(6), 629–647. doi: 10.1521/soco.2011.29.6.629CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bargh, J. A. (2014). Our unconscious mind. Scientific American, 310(1), 30–37. doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican0114-30CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beck, A. T. (1983). Cognitive therapy of depression: New perspectives. In Clayton, P. J. & Barrett, J. E. (Eds.), Treatment of Depression: Old Controversies and New Approaches (pp. 265–290). New York, NY: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Bibring, E. (1953). The mechanism of depression. In Greenacre, P. (Ed.), Affective Disorders (pp. 13–48). New York, NY: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Bjorgvinsson, T., & Hart, J. (2006). Cognitive behavioural therapy promotes mentalizing. In Allen, J. G. & Fonagy, P. (Eds.), Handbook of Mentalization-Based Treatment (pp. 157–170). New York, NY: Wiley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blatt, S. J. (2004). Experiences of Depression: Theoretical, Clinical and Research Perspectives. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blatt, S. J., & Luyten, P. (2009). A structural–developmental psychodynamic approach to psychopathology: Two polarities of experience across the life span. Development and Psychopathology, 21(3), 793–814. doi: 10.1017/S0954579409000431CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boone, L., Soenens, B., & Luyten, P. (2014). When or why does perfectionism translate into eating disorder pathology? A longitudinal examination of the moderating and mediating role of body dissatisfaction. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(2), 412–418. doi: 10.1037/a0036254CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and Loss: Separation. New York, NY: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Drevets, W., Price, J., & Furey, M. (2008). Brain structural and functional abnormalities in mood disorders: Implications for neurocircuitry models of depression. Brain Structure and Function, 213(1), 93–118. doi: 10.1007/s00429-008-0189-xGoogle Scholar
Egan, S. J., Wade, T. D., & Shafran, R. (2011). Perfectionism as a transdiagnostic process: A clinical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(2), 203–212. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.04.009Google Scholar
Eurelings-Bontekoe, E. H. M., Luyten, P., Ijssennagger, M., van Vreeswijk, M., & Koelen, J. (2010). Relationship between personality organization and Young’s cognitive model of personality pathology. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(3), 198–203. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.034Google Scholar
Fonagy, P., & Luyten, P. (2009). A developmental, mentalization-based approach to the understanding and treatment of borderline personality disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 21(4), 1355–1381. doi: 10.1017/S0954579409990198CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fonagy, P., & Luyten, P. (2016). A multilevel perspective on the development of borderline personality disorder. In Cicchetti, D. (Ed.), Developmental and Psychopathology (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.Google Scholar
Fonagy, P., Moran, G. S., Edgcumbe, R., Kennedy, H., & Target, M. (1993). The roles of mental representations and mental processes in therapeutic action. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 48, 9–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fonagy, P., & Target, M. (1997). Attachment and reflective function: Their role in self-organization. Development Psychopathology, 9(4), 679–700.Google Scholar
Fonagy, P., & Target, M. (2000). Playing with reality: III. The persistence of dual psychic reality in borderline patients. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 81(5), 853–874.Google Scholar
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenberg, L. S., Watson, J. C., & Goldman, R. (1998). Process-experiential therapy of depression. In Greenberg, L. S., Watson, J. C. & Lietaer, G. (Eds.), Handbook of Experiential Psychotherapy (pp. 227–248). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Hammen, C. (2005). Stress and depression. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1(1), 293–319. doi: 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143938CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Han, S., Northoff, G., & Joan, Y. C. (2009). Understanding the self: A cultural neuroscience approach. Progress in Brain Research, 178, 203–212. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17814-7Google Scholar
Heim, C., Newport, D. J., Mletzko, T., Miller, A. H., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2008). The link between childhood trauma and depression: Insights from HPA axis studies in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 33(6), 693–710. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.03.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Higgins, E. T. (1987). Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect. Psychological Review, 94(3), 319–340.Google Scholar
Jack, D. C. (1991). Silencing the Self: Women and Depression. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Jack, D. C., & Dill, D. (1992). The silencing the self scale: Schemas of intimacy associated with depression in women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 16(1), 97–106. doi: 10.1111/j.1471–6402.1992.tb00242.xGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, E. (1971). Depression: Comparative Studies of Normal, Neurotic and Psychotic Conditions. New York, NY: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. K., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Mitchell, K. J., & Levin, Y. (2009). Medial cortex activity, self-reflection and depression. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 4(4), 313–327. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsp022CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joiner, T. E., Alfano, M. S., & Metalsky, G. I. (1993). Caught in the crossfire: Depression, self-consistency, self-enhancement, and the response of others. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 12(2), 113–134. doi: 10.1521/jscp.1993.12.2.113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahl, K. G., Winter, L., & Schweiger, U. (2012). The third wave of cognitive behavioural therapies: What is new and what is effective? Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25(6), 522–528. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e328358e531Google Scholar
Kernberg, O. F. (1975). Borderline Conditions and Pathological Narcissism. New York, NY: Jason Aronson.Google Scholar
Kim, S., Thibodeau, R., & Jorgensen, R. S. (2011). Shame, guilt, and depressive symptoms: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 137(1), 68–96. doi: 10.1037/a0021466Google Scholar
Klerman, G. L., Weissman, M. M., Rounsaville, B. J., & Chevron, E. S. (1984). Interpersonal Psychotherapy of Depression. New York, NY: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Kohut, H., & Wolf, E. S. (1978). The disorders of the self and their treatment: An outline. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 59, 413–426.Google Scholar
Leichsenring, F., & Leibing, E. (2007). Psychodynamic psychotherapy: A systematic review of techniques, indications and empirical evidence. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 80(2), 217–228. doi: 10.1348/147608306X117394Google Scholar
Lemma, A., Target, M., & Fonagy, P. (2011a). Brief Dynamic Interpersonal Therapy: A Clinician’s Guide. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lemma, A., Target, M., & Fonagy, P. (2011b). The development of a brief psychodynamic intervention (Dynamic Interpersonal Therapy) and its application to depression: A pilot study. Psychiatry, 74(1), 41–48. doi: 10.1521/psyc.2011.74.1.41CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levy, K. N., Beeney, J. E., & Temes, C. M. (2011). Attachment and its vicissitudes in borderline personality disorder. Current Psychiatry Reports, 13(1), 50–59. doi: 10.1007/s11920-010-0169-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lieberman, M. D. (2007). Social cognitive neuroscience: A review of core processes. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 259–289. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085654CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lombardo, M. V., Chakrabarti, B., Bullmore, E. T., et al. (2010). Shared neural circuits for mentalizing about the self and others. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22(7), 1623–1635. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2009.21287Google Scholar
Luyten, P., & Blatt, S. J. (2011). Integrating theory-driven and empirically-derived models of personality development and psychopathology: A proposal for DSM-V. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(1), 52–68. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.09.003CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luyten, P., & Blatt, S. J. (2012). Psychodynamic treatment of depression. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 35(1), 111–129. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2012.01.001Google Scholar
Luyten, P., & Blatt, S. J. (2013). Interpersonal relatedness and self-definition in normal and disrupted personality development: Retrospect and prospect. American Psychologist, 68(3), 172–183. doi: 10.1037/a0032243CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luyten, P., Blatt, S. J., & Fonagy, P. (2013). Impairments in self structures in depression and suicide in psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral approaches: Implications for clinical practice and research. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 6(3), 265–279. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2013.6.3.265Google Scholar
Luyten, P., Blatt, S. J., Van Houdenhove, B., & Corveleyn, J. (2006). Depression research and treatment: Are we skating to where the puck is going to be? Clinical Psychology Review, 26(8), 985–999. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.12.003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luyten, P., & Fonagy, P. (2014). Psychodynamic treatment for borderline personality disorder and mood disorders: A mentalizing perspective. In Choi-Kain, L. & Gunderson, J. G. (Eds.), Borderline Personality Disorder and Mood: Controversies and Consensus (pp. 223–251). New York, NY: Springer.Google Scholar
Luyten, P., & Fonagy, P. (2015). The neurobiology of mentalizing. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 6(4), 366–379. doi: 10.1037/per0000117CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luyten, P., Fonagy, P., Lemma, A., & Target, M. (2012). Depression. In Bateman, A. & Fonagy, P. (Eds.), Handbook of Mentalizing in Mental Health Practice (pp. 385–417). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Luyten, P., Fontaine, J. R. J., & Corveleyn, J. (2002). Does the Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA) measure maladaptive aspects of guilt and adaptive aspects of shame? An empirical investigation. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(8), 1373–1387. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00197-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luyten, P., Kempke, S., Van Wambeke, P., et al. (2011). Self-critical perfectionism, stress generation, and stress sensitivity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: Relationship with severity of depression. Psychiatry, 74(1), 21–30. doi: 10.1521/psyc.2011.74.1.21Google Scholar
Luyten, P., & Van Houdenhove, B. (2013). Common and specific factors in the psychotherapeutic treatment of patients suffering from chronic fatigue and pain disorders. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23(1), 14–27. doi: 10.1037/a0030269Google Scholar
Maddux, J. E., & Meier, L. J. (1995). Self-efficacy and depression. In Maddux, J. E. (Ed.), Self-Efficacy, Adaptation, and Adjustment (pp. 143–169). New York, NY: Springer.Google Scholar
Mathew, K. L., Whitford, H. S., Kenny, M. A., & Denson, L. A. (2010). The long-term effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a relapse prevention treatment for major depressive disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 38(5), 561–576. doi: 10.1017/S135246581000010XCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mollon, P., & Parry, G. (1984). The fragile self: Narcissistic disturbance and the protective function of depression. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 57(2), 137–145. doi: 10.1111/j.2044–8341.1984.tb01592.xGoogle Scholar
Northoff, G., Heinzel, A., de Greck, M., et al. (2006). Self-referential processing in our brain – A meta-analysis of imaging studies on the self. Neuroimage, 31(1), 440–457. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.12.002Google Scholar
Pincus, A. L., Cain, N. M., & Wright, A. G. (2014). Narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability in psychotherapy. Personality Disorders, 5(4), 439–443. doi: 10.1037/per0000031Google Scholar
Pyszczynski, T., & Greenberg, J. (1987). Self-regulatory perseveration and the depressive self-focusing style: A self-awareness theory of reactive depression. Psychological Bulletin, 102(1), 122–138. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.102.1.122Google Scholar
Savitz, J., & Drevets, W. C. (2009). Bipolar and major depressive disorder: Neuroimaging the developmental-degenerative divide. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 33(5), 699–771. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.01.004CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2013). Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for Depression (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Shahar, G., & Priel, B. (2003). Active vulnerability, adolescent distress, and the mediating/suppressing role of life events. Personality and Individual Differences, 35(1), 199–218. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00185-XCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Luyten, P. (2010). Towards a domain-specific approach to the study of parental psychological control: Distinguishing between dependency-oriented and achievement-oriented psychological control. Journal of Personality, 78(1), 217–256. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00614.xGoogle Scholar
Watkins, E., & Teasdale, J. D. (2004). Adaptive and maladaptive self-focus in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 82(1), 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2003.10.006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young, P. J. E., Klosko, P. J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema Therapy: A Practitioner’s Guide. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×