Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface to second edition
- Preface to first edition
- 1 Basic concepts of thermodynamics
- 2 Manipulation of thermodynamic quantities
- 3 Systems with variable composition
- 4 Practical handling of multicomponent systems
- 5 Thermodynamics of processes
- 6 Stability
- 7 Applications of molar Gibbs energy diagrams
- 8 Phase equilibria and potential phase diagrams
- 9 Molar phase diagrams
- 10 Projected and mixed phase diagrams
- 11 Direction of phase boundaries
- 12 Sharp and gradual phase transformations
- 13 Transformations in closed systems
- 14 Partitionless transformations
- 15 Limit of stability and critical phenomena
- 16 Interfaces
- 17 Kinetics of transport processes
- 18 Methods of modelling
- 19 Modelling of disorder
- 20 Mathematical modelling of solution phases
- 21 Solution phases with sublattices
- 22 Physical solution models
- References
- Index
Preface to second edition
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface to second edition
- Preface to first edition
- 1 Basic concepts of thermodynamics
- 2 Manipulation of thermodynamic quantities
- 3 Systems with variable composition
- 4 Practical handling of multicomponent systems
- 5 Thermodynamics of processes
- 6 Stability
- 7 Applications of molar Gibbs energy diagrams
- 8 Phase equilibria and potential phase diagrams
- 9 Molar phase diagrams
- 10 Projected and mixed phase diagrams
- 11 Direction of phase boundaries
- 12 Sharp and gradual phase transformations
- 13 Transformations in closed systems
- 14 Partitionless transformations
- 15 Limit of stability and critical phenomena
- 16 Interfaces
- 17 Kinetics of transport processes
- 18 Methods of modelling
- 19 Modelling of disorder
- 20 Mathematical modelling of solution phases
- 21 Solution phases with sublattices
- 22 Physical solution models
- References
- Index
Summary
The requirement of the second law that the internal entropy production must be positive for all spontaneous changes of a system results in the equilibrium condition that the entropy production must be zero for all conceivable internal processes. Most thermodynamic textbooks are based on this condition but do not discuss the magnitude of the entropy production for processes. In the first edition the entropy production was retained in the equations as far as possible, usually in the form of Dd ξ where D is the driving force for an isothermal process and ξ is its extent. It was thus possible to discuss the magnitude of the driving force for a change and to illustrate it graphically in molar Gibbs energy diagrams. In other words, the driving force for irreversible processes was an important feature of the first edition. Two chapters have now been added in order to include the theoretical treatment of how the driving force determines the rate of a process and how simultaneous processes can affect each other. This field is usually defined as irreversible thermodynamics. The mathematical description of diffusion is an important application for materials science and is given special attention in those two new chapters. Extremum principles are also discussed.
A third new chapter is devoted to the thermodynamics of surfaces and interfaces. The different roles of surface energy and surface stress in solids are explained in detail, including a treatment of critical nuclei.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase TransformationsTheir Thermodynamic Basis, pp. xiiPublisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2007