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6 - The Mareotis Area

Integration of a Marginal Territory into Egypt through Wine Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2024

By
Marie-Françoise Boussac  and
Bérangère Redon
Edited by
Katherine Blouin
Katherine Blouin
Affiliation:
University of Toronto
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Summary

In the 4th century BCE, the Mareotis region developed as a crucial connection between Egypt and the Mediterranean, supplying Alexandria with all sorts of agricultural or artisanal goods; it was renowned above all for its wine. Yet despite ideal geologic conditions for growing grapes, a remarkable concentration of Roman and Byzantine wineries in the area, and ample evidence for widespread wine cultivation by ancient Egyptians, up until now no Pharaonic installation of wine-making had been discovered in the region. However, for the first time, concrete examples of vine-growing remains, from the New Kingdom to the Ptolemaic period, have been uncovered at the site of Plinthine/Kom el-Nugus. Relying on our archaeological and geomorphological research, this chapter concentrates on the early development of wine-making in Mareotis, showing how it developed alongside the growing interest of the state in these western margins. It shows how wine-making evolved from the New Kingdom to the Late Period, and assesses what kind of impact (if any) the coming of the Greeks had on local viticulture. It confirms that viticulture did not take off after the Macedonian conquest; rather, there exists strong continuity irrespective of political changes.

Keywords

HistoryArchaeologyEgyptNileDeltaMareotisNew KingdomPtolemaicProductionViticulture
Type
Chapter
Information
The Nile Delta
Histories from Antiquity to the Modern Period
 , pp. 219 - 248
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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