Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 October 2023
Disorders due to substance use include some of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Alcohol accounts for 3 million deaths worldwide and 5.1% of the global burden of disease and is the leading cause of premature mortality and disability among people aged 15–49 years, accounting for 10% of all deaths in this age group.1 Tobacco, typically in the form of cigarettes, and with nicotine as the pharmacological addictive driver, is the cause of 8.7 million deaths and 7.9% of the global burden of disease.2 Among the 25- to 49-year-old age group, psychoactive drug use causes 2.9% of the global burden of disease,3 deaths having increased by 70% over the past decade, and opioids accounting for 70% of them.4 Prescribed opioids and sedative-hypnotics also claim significant morbidity and mortality.
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