So bleibt das Geschehen in all seiner sinnlichen Kraft doch immer Gleichnis, verhüllt und deutungsbedürftigt. (What happened, with all its concrete force, remains forever parabolic, cloaked and needful of interpretation.)

Common opinion has it that the plot of a narrative imposes a meaning on the events that comprise its story level by revealing at the end a structure that was immanent in the events all along.

Abstract

In the nineteenth century Protestant historians expunged hagiography. But for Aelred of Rievaulx history was contained by hagiography. His Cistercian version of the popular fable that the infant Alfred was anointed king by the Pope in Rome embedded Alfred in hagiographic time liberated from chronology: Biblical typology bound what the Pope foresaw in Alfred’s destiny to what Samuel foresaw in David’s. And in 1901 Plummer believed the 853 papal anointing was not, in fact, royal, and that Alfred psychologically misinterpreted it as typologically prefiguring his royal adulthood. By substituting psychological for spiritual understanding, Plummer canonized the Chronicle as prime reliquary for the Protestant cult of the historical Alfred, since its annal for 853 contains this authentic Anglo-Saxon relic of Alfred’s psychology.

Keywords: Cistercian hagiography, psycho-history, autohagiography, Herbert Thurston, Quipu, childhood memory