Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T05:43:41.705Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 3 - Gothic Vegetarianism

from Part I - Origins

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 June 2018

Gitanjali G. Shahani
Affiliation:
San Francisco State University
Get access

Summary

This paper examines the travel accounts from the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries of a number of European travellers to and sojourners in the coastal cities of western India. Among the ethnographic details that attracted the attention of these observers was an ensemble of practices broadly glossed as “Gentile” or “Gentoo” vegetarianism and protection of nonhuman animals. To many European observers these Gentiles were distinguished by a religiously mandated compassion towards nonhuman life that for many functioned as a rebuke to the ways of putatively more bloodthirsty European compatriots. But, as many noted with bemusement, shock, and occasional horror, Gentile endeavours to protect nonhuman life exceeded these benevolent measures, extending to the establishment of animal hospitals, some of which offered sanctuary to noxious and verminous forms of nonhuman life. Such putatively extreme or perverse forms of vegetarianism or nonviolence coexisted, as many noted, with unusual and perverse forms of cruelty, especially against widows and carnivores, and gave subcontinental vegetarianism a strikingly gothic character.
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Archer, John Michael. Old Worlds: Egypt, Southwest Asia, India, and Russia in Early Modern English Writing. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Barbosa, Duarte. The Book of Duarte Barbosa. Vol. 1. Translated by Mansel Longworth Dames. 1516. Reprint, London: Hakluyt Society, 1918.Google Scholar
Bernier, Francois. Travels in the Mogul Empire, ad 1656–1668. Translated by Archibald Constable. London: Oxford University Press, 1916.Google Scholar
Bowrey, Thomas. A Geographical Account of Countries Round the Bay of Bengal, 1669 to 1679. Edited by Temple, Richard Carnac. Cambridge: Hakluyt Society, 1905.Google Scholar
Burnes, Alexander. “Notice of a Remarkable Hospital for Animals at Surat.Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1.1 (1834): 9697.Google Scholar
Caillois, Roger. “Mimicry and Legendary Psychasthenia.” Translated by John Shepley. October 31 (1984): 1632.Google Scholar
Cole, Lucinda. Imperfect Creatures: Vermin, Literature, and the Sciences of Life, 1600–1740. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Collingham, E. M. Imperial Bodies: The Physical Experience of the Raj, c. 1800–1947. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Dasgupta, Ashin. Indian Merchants and the Decline of Surat, 1700–1750. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1979.Google Scholar
Della Valle, Pietro. The Travels of Pietro della Valle in India. 2 vols. Translated by George Havers and edited by Grey, Edward. London: Hakluyt Society, 1892.Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques. “‘Eating Well,’ or the Calculation of the Subject: An Interview with Jacques Derrida.” In Who Comes After the Subject?, edited by Cadava, Eduardo, Connor, Peter and Nancy, Jean-Luc, 96119. New York: Routledge, 1991.Google Scholar
Dubois, Abbe J. A. Hindu Manners, Customs and Ceremonies. Translated by Henry K. Beauchamp. 3rd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906.Google Scholar
Esposito, Roberto. Bios: Biopolitics and Philosophy. Translated by Timothy Campbell. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Fryer, John. Travels in India in the Seventeenth Century by Sir Thomas Roe and Dr. John Fryer. 1698. Reprint, London: John Trubner, 1873.Google Scholar
Gokhale, Balkrishna Govind. Surat in the Seventeenth Century. London: Curzon Press, 1979.Google Scholar
Hahn, Thomas. “The Indian Tradition in Western Intellectual History.Viator 9 (1978): 213–34.Google Scholar
Harris, Jonathan Gil. The First Firangis. New Delhi: Aleph, 2015.Google Scholar
Harris, Jonathan Gil.Introduction: Forms of Indography.” In Indography: Writing the “Indian” in Early Modern England, edited by Harris, J. Gil, 120. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.Google Scholar
Harrison, Mark. Climates and Constitutions: Health, Race, Environment and British Imperialism in India 1600–1850. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Hopkins, Edward Washburn. The Religions of India. Boston: Ginn, 1895.Google Scholar
Lodrick, Deryck O. Sacred Cows, Sacred Places: Origins and Survivals of Animal Homes in India. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.Google Scholar
Lord, Henry. A Discoverie of the Sect of the Banians. London: Constable, 1630.Google Scholar
Lord, Henry. The Religion of the Persees. London: Constable, 1630.Google Scholar
del Mandelslo, John Albert. Mandelslo’s Travels into the Indies, the First Book. Translated by John Davies. 1642. Reprint, London: John Starkey and Thomas Basset, 1669.Google Scholar
Manucci, Niccolao. Storia do Mogor, or Mogul India 1653–1708. Translated and edited by Irvine, William. London: John Murray, 1907.Google Scholar
Morton, Timothy. Shelley and the Revolution in Taste: The Body and the Natural World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Oswald, John. The Cry of Nature. London: J. Johnson, 1791.Google Scholar
Ovington, John. A Voyage to Suratt, in the Year 1689. London: Jacob Tonson, 1696.Google Scholar
Raman, Shankar. Framing “India”: The Colonial Imaginary in Early Modern Culture. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Ristuccia, Nathan J.Eastern Religions and the West: The Making of an Image.History of Religions 53.2 (November 2013): 170204.Google Scholar
Roe, Sir Thomas. The Embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to the Court of the Great Mogul, 1615–1619, as Narrated in his Journal and Correspondence. Edited by Foster, William. Vol. 1. London: Hakluyt Society, 1899.Google Scholar
Roth, Philip. American Pastoral. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.Google Scholar
Ryley, Horton. Ralph Fitch, England’s Pioneer to India and Burma. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1899.Google Scholar
Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government. Bombay: Bombay Education Society’s Press, 1856.Google Scholar
Singh, Jyotsna G. “Naming and Un-naming ‘All the Indies’: How India Became Hindustan.” In Indography: Writing the “Indian” in Early Modern England, edited by Harris, J. Gil, 249–55. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.Google Scholar
Steel, Karl. “Abyss: Everything is Food.Postmedieval 4.1 (2013): 93104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stuart, Tristram. The Bloodless Revolution: A Cultural History of Vegetarianism from 1600 to Modern Times. New York: Norton, 2007.Google Scholar
Subramaniam, Lakshmi. “Banias and the British.Modern Asian Studies 21.3 (1987): 473510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tavernier, Jean Baptiste. Travels in India. Vols. 1–2. Translated by Valentine Ball. 1676. Reprint, London: Macmillan, 1889.Google Scholar
Teltscher, Kate. “‘Maidenly and Well Nigh Effeminate’: Constructions of Hindu Masculinity and Religion in Seventeenth-Century English TextsPostcolonial Studies 3.2 (2000): 159–70.Google Scholar
Terry, Edward. A Voyage to East India. 1655. Reprint, London: J. Wilkie, 1777.Google Scholar
Twain, Mark. Following the Equator, and Anti-Imperialist Essays. Edited by Fisher Fishkin, Shelley. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Warner, Marina. “Fee Fi Fo Fum: The Child in the Jaws of the Story.” In Cannibalism and the Colonial World, edited by Barker, Francis, Hulme, Peter, and Iversen, Margaret, 158–82. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Watson, Robert N.Protestant Animals: Puritan Sects and English Animal-Protection Sentiment, 1550–1650.ELH 81.4 (Winter 2014): 1111–48.Google Scholar
Williams, Monier. Modern India and the Indians. London: Trubner, 1878.Google Scholar
Wojciehowski, Hannah Chapelle. Group Identity in the Renaissance World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Yule, Henry, and Burnell, A. C.. Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms, Etymological, Historical, Geographical, and Discursive. Edited by Crooke, William. London: John Murray, 1903.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×