This chapter discusses the case of 48-year-old right-handed men whose chief complaints were heavy snoring, witnessed apneas, frequent awakenings at night and daytime fatigue with sleepiness. It presents the clinical history, examination, follow-up, treatment, diagnosis, and the results of the procedures performed on the patient. Polysomnographic recordings confirms obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 9 events per hour; supine AHI was 17 events per hour. Polysomnography of the arm and leg surface EMG activity was recorded during both studies. The causal relationship between the patient's work-related repetitive arm movements and periodic arm movements of sleep (PAMS) is uncertain. The presence of PAMS suggests that the structures responsible for generating this periodicity originate at more rostral levels in the neural axis and likely involve the brainstem and other parts of the cortex.