Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T05:11:39.108Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

2 - A Comprehensive Review and Synthesis of the Cross-Cultural Work–Family Literature

from Part I - Overview

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2018

Kristen M. Shockley
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Winny Shen
Affiliation:
University of Waterloo, Ontario
Ryan C. Johnson
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Get access

Summary

Work-family issues have increasingly gained attention across the globe, prompting researchers to conduct cross-cultural comparisons. However, to our knowledge, no comprehensive review of this literature exists. Without such a review, this literature is difficult to synthesize, given the various countries included as well as the different types of research questions addressed due to the cross-disciplinary and interdisciplinary nature of this work. The goal of this chapter is to address this gap by summarizing the extant quantitative cross-cultural work-family literature. We do so by providing a table that lists the cross-cultural focus of each work-family study from the literature, the countries included, and the findings regarding cultural similarities and differences. We also synthesize the results of these studies via a narrative review and provide recommendations for future research.
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

*Abendroth, A.-K., & den Dulk, L. (2011). Support for the work–life balance in Europe: The impact of state, workplace and family support on work–life balance satisfaction. Work, Employment & Society, 25, 234256. doi:10.1177/0950017011398892Google Scholar
*Agarwala, T., Arizkuren-Eleta, A., Del Castillo, E., Muñiz-Ferrer, M., & Gartzia, L. (2014). Influence of managerial support on work–life conflict and organizational commitment: an international comparison for India, Peru and Spain. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25, 14601483. doi:10.1080/09585192.2013.870315Google Scholar
Allen, T. D. (2012). The work–family interface. In S. W. J. Kozlowski (Ed). The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Psychology (pp. 11631198). New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199928286.013.0034Google Scholar
Allen, T. D. (2013). Some future directions for work–family research in a global world. In Poelmans, S. A. Y., Greenhaus, J. H., & Maestro, M. L. H. (Eds.), Expanding the Boundaries of Work-Family Research: A Vision For The future (pp. 333347). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave. doi:10.1057/9781137006004_15CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, T. D., French, K. A., Dumani, S., & Shockley, K. M. (2015). Meta-analysis of work–family conflict mean differences: Does national context matter? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 90100. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2015.07.006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
*Allen, T. D., Lapierre, L. M., Spector, P. E., Poelmans, S. A. Y., O’Driscoll, M., Sanchez, J. I., … Woo, J.-M. (2014). The link between national paid leave policy and work–family conflict among married working parents: National policy and work–family conflict. Applied Psychology, 63, 528. doi:10.1111/apps.12004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
*Anderson, S. E., Coffey, B. S., Zhao, S., Liu, Y., & Zhang, J. (2008). Perspectives on work–family issues in China: The voices of young urban professionals. Community, Work & Family, 12, 197212. doi:10.1080/13668800902778967Google Scholar
*Annink, A., den Dulk, L., & Steijn, B. (2016). Work–family conflict among employees and the self-employed across Europe. Social Indicators Research, 126, 571593.Google Scholar
*Aryee, S., Fields, D., & Luk, V. (1999). A cross-cultural test of a model of the work–family interface. Journal of Management, 25, 491511.Google Scholar
Ashkanasy, N., Gupta, V., Mayfield, M., & Trevor-Roberts, E. (2004). Future orientation. In House, R., Hanges, P., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P., & Gupta, W. (Eds.), Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies (pp. 282342). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Aycan, Z. (2008). Cross-cultural perspectives to work–family conflict. In Korabik, K. & Lero, D. (Eds.), Handbook of work–Family Conflict (pp. 359371). London: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bardoel, E. A., De Cieri, H., & Santos, C. (2008). A review of work–life research in Australia and New Zealand. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 46, 316333. doi:10.1177/1038411108095762Google Scholar
*Barnes-Farrell, J. L., Davies-Schrils, K., McGonagle, A., Walsh, B., Milia, L. D., Fischer, F. M., … Tepas, D. (2008). What aspects of shiftwork influence off-shift well-being of healthcare workers? Applied Ergonomics, 39, 589596.Google Scholar
Begall, K., & Mills, M. (2011). The impact of subjective work control, job strain and work–family conflict on fertility intentions: A European comparison. European Journal of Population, 27, 433456. doi:10.1007/s10680-011-9244-zGoogle Scholar
*Beham, B., Drobnič, S., & Präg, P. (2014). The work–family interface of service sector workers: A comparison of work resources and professional status across five European countries. Applied Psychology, 63, 2961. doi:10.1111/apps.12012Google Scholar
*Billing, T. K., Bhagat, R. S., Babakus, E., Krishnan, B., Ford, D. L., Srivastava, B. N., … Nasurdin, A. M. (2014a). Work–family conflict and organisationally valued outcomes: The moderating role of decision latitude in five national contexts. Applied Psychology, 63, 6295.Google Scholar
*Billing, T. K., Bhagat, R., Babakus, E., Srivastava, B., Shin, M., & Brew, F. (2014b). Work–family conflict in four national contexts: A closer look at the role of individualism-collectivism. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14, 139159.Google Scholar
*Brough, P., Timms, C., O’Driscoll, M. P., Kalliath, T., Siu, O.-L., Sit, C., & Lo, D. (2014). Work–life balance: A longitudinal evaluation of a new measure across Australia and New Zealand workers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25, 27242744. doi:10.1080/09585192.2014.899262CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bull, T., & Mittelmark, M. B. (2008). Subjective well-being among employed lone mothers in Europe: The effects of level of work/family conflict and self-enhancement versus self-transcendence value orientation. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 10, 2633. doi:10.1080/14623730.2008.9721766Google Scholar
Bull, T., & Mittelmark, M. B. (2009). Work life and mental wellbeing of single and non-single working mothers in Scandinavia. Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine, 37, 562568. doi:10.1177/1403494809340494Google Scholar
Casper, W. J., Allen, T. D., & Poelmans, S. A. (2014). International perspectives on work and family: An introduction to the special section. Applied Psychology, 63, 14. doi:10.1111/apps.12020Google Scholar
Christiaens, W., & Bracke, P. (2014). Work–family conflict, health services and medication use among dual‐income couples in Europe. Sociology of Health & Illness, 36, 319337. doi:10.1111/1467-9566.12049CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
*Cinamon, R. G. (2009). Role Salience, social support, and work–family conflict among Jewish and Arab Female teachers in Israel. Journal of Career Development, 36, 139158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
*Cousins, C. R., & Tang, N. (2004). Working time and work and family conflict in the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK. Work, Employment & Society, 18, 531549.Google Scholar
Craig, L., & Mullan, K. (2010). Parenthood, gender and work‐family time in the United States, Australia, Italy, France, and Denmark. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 13441361. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00769.xGoogle Scholar
Day, A. L., & Chamberlain, T. C. (2006). Committing to your work, spouse, and children: Implications for work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 116130. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2005.01.001Google Scholar
*Drobnic, S., & Guillén Rodríguez, A. M. (2011). Tensions Between Work and Home: Job Quality and Working Conditions in the Institutional Contexts of Germany and Spain. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 18, 232268.Google Scholar
Erickson, J. J., Martinengo, G., & Hill, E. J. (2010). Putting work and family experiences in context: Differences by family life stage. Human Relations, 63, 955979. doi:10.1177/0018726709353138Google Scholar
*Estryn-Behar, M., Van der Heijden, B.I.J.M., Oginska, H., Camerino, D., Le Nézet, O., Conway, P. M., & the NEXT Study Group (2007). The impact of social work environment, teamwork characteristics, burnout, and personal factors upon intent. Medical Care, 45, 939950.Google Scholar
Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work–family conflict: testing a model of the work–family interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 6578. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.77.1.65Google Scholar
*Gallie, D., & Russell, H. (2009). Work–family conflict and working conditions in Western Europe. Social Indicators Research, 93, 445467. doi:10.1007/s11205-008-9435-0.Google Scholar
*Galovan, A. M., Fackrell, T., Buswell, L., Jones, B. L., Hill, E. J., & Carroll, S. J. (2010). The work–family interface in the United States and Singapore: Conflict across cultures. Journal of Family Psychology, 24, 646656. doi:10.1037/a0020832Google Scholar
*Gaspar, M. O. (2013). The modernisation process through the perceptions of work–family in Spain and Great Britain. European Societies, 15, 707728.Google Scholar
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10, 7688.Google Scholar
Grzywacz, J. G., Arcury, T. A., Marín, A., Carrillo, L., Burke, B., Coates, M. L., & Quandt, S. A. (2007). Work–family conflict: Experiences and health implications among immigrant Latinos. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 11191130. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.4.1119Google Scholar
Grzywacz, J. G., Quandt, S. A., Arcury, T. A., & Marín, A. (2005). The work–family challenge and mental health: Experiences of Mexican immigrants. Community, Work and Family, 8, 271279. doi:10.1080/13668800500142236Google Scholar
*Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Suñe, A., & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of work–life balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85, 361373. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.010Google Scholar
*Halbesleben, J. R. B., Wheeler, A. R., & Rossi, A. M. (2012). The costs and benefits of working with one’s spouse: A two-sample examination of spousal support, work–family conflict, and emotional exhaustion in work-linked relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 597615. doi:10.1002/job.771Google Scholar
*Hassan, Z., Dollard, M. F., & Winefield, A. H. (2010). Work‐family conflict in East vs Western countries. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 17, 3049. doi:10.1108/13527601011016899Google Scholar
Hill, E. J., Erickson, J. J., Fellows, K. J., Martinengo, G., & Allen, S. M. (2014). Work and family over the life course: Do older workers differ? Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 35, 113. doi:10.1007/s10834-012-9346-8Google Scholar
*Hill, E. J., Hawkins, A. J., Martinson, V., & Ferris, M. (2003). Studying “working fathers”: Comparing fathers’ and mothers’ work–family conflict, fit, and adaptive strategies in a global high-tech company. Fathering, 1, 239261.Google Scholar
*Hill, J. E., Yang, C., Hawkins, A. J., & Ferris, M. (2004). A cross-cultural test of the work–family interface in 48 countries. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 13001316.Google Scholar
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Hsu, B. F., Chen, W. Y., Wang, M. L., & Lin, Y. Y. (2010). Explaining supervisory support to work–family conflict: The perspectives of guanxi, LMX, and emotional intelligence. Journal of Technology Management in China, 5, 4054. doi:10.1108/17468771011032787Google Scholar
*Janssen, P. P. M., Peeters, M. C. W., Jonge, J. de, Houkes, I., & Tummers, G. E. R. (2004). Specific relationships between job demands, job resources and psychological outcomes and the mediating role of negative work–home interference. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 411429. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2003.09.004Google Scholar
*Jin, J. F., Ford, M. T., & Chen, C. C. (2013). Asymmetric differences in work–family spillover in North America and China: Results from two heterogeneous samples. Journal of Business Ethics, 113, 114. doi:10.1007/s10551-012-1289-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kabasakal, H., & Bodur, M. (2004). Humane orientation in societies, organizations, and leader attributes. In House, R., Hanges, P., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P., & Gupta, V. (Eds.), Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies (pp. 564601). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Kanter, R. M. (1977). Work and family in the United States: A critical review and agenda for research and policy. Social Science Frontiers. Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
*Kasearu, K. (2009). The effect of union type on work–life conflict in five European countries. Social Indicators Research, 93, 549567. doi:10.1007/s11205-008-9432-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kempen, R., Pangert, B., Hattrup, K., Mueller, K., & Joens, I. (2015). Beyond conflict: The role of life-domain enrichment for expatriates. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26, 122. doi:10.1080/09585192.2014.919954Google Scholar
*Kuchařová, V. (2009). Work–life balance: Societal and private influences. Sociologickỳ časopis/Czech Sociological Review, (06), 12831310.Google Scholar
*Laaksonen, E., Lallukka, T., Lahelma, E., Ferrie, J. E., Rahkonen, O., Head, J., … Martikainen, P. (2011). Economic difficulties and physical functioning in Finnish and British employees: Contribution of social and behavioural factors. European Journal of Public Health, 21, 456462. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckq089Google Scholar
*Laaksonen, E., Martikainen, P., Lallukka, T., Lahelma, E., Ferrie, J., Rahkonen, O., … Head, J. (2009). Economic difficulties and common mental disorders among Finnish and British white-collar employees: The contribution of social and behavioural factors. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 63, 439446. doi:10.1136/jech.2008.077198CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
* Lalluka, T., Rahkonen, O., Lahelma, E., & Arber, S. (2010). Sleep complaints in middle-aged women and men: The contribution of working conditions and work-family conflicts. Journal of Sleep Research, 19, 466477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
*Lapierre, L. M., Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S., Cooper, C. L., O’Driscoll, M. P., … Kinnunen, U. (2008). Family-supportive organization perceptions, multiple dimensions of work–family conflict, and employee satisfaction: A test of model across five samples. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 92106. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2008.02.001Google Scholar
*Law, L. K. (2011). The impact of work–family conflict on Chinese employees. Marriage & Family Review, 47, 590604. doi:10.1080/01494929.2011.625104Google Scholar
*Lu, L., Cooper, C. L., Kao, S.-F., Chang, T.-T., Allen, T. D., Lapierre, L. M., … Spector, P. E. (2010). Cross-cultural differences on work-to-family conflict and role satisfaction: A Taiwanese-British comparison. Human Resource Management, 49, 6785.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, L., Gilmour, R., Kao, S. F., & Huang, M. T. (2006). A cross-cultural study of work/family demands, work/family conflict and wellbeing: The Taiwanese vs British. Career Development International, 11, 927. doi:10.1108/13620430610642354Google Scholar
*Lunau, T., Bambra, C., Eikemo, T. A., van der Wel, K. A., & Dragano, N. (2014). A balancing act? Work–life balance, health and well-being in European welfare states. The European Journal of Public Health, 24, 422427. doi:10.1093/eurpub/cku010Google Scholar
*Lyness, K. S., Gornick, J. C., Stone, P., & Grotto, A. R. (2012). It’s all about control: Worker control over schedule and hours in cross-national context. American Sociological Review, 77, 10231049. doi:10.1177/0003122412465331Google Scholar
*Lyness, K. S., & Judiesch, M. K. (2014). Gender egalitarianism and work–life balance for managers: Multisource perspectives in 36 countries. Applied Psychology, 63, 96129.Google Scholar
*Lyness, K. S., & Kropf, M.B. (2005). The relationships of national gender equality and organizational support with work–family balance: A study of European managers. Human Relations, 58, 3360. doi:10.1177/0018726705050934Google Scholar
*Lyonette, C., Crompton, R., Wall, K. (2007). Gender, occupational class and work–life conflict: A comparison of Britain and Portugal. Community, Work & Family,10, 283308.Google Scholar
Lytle, A. L., Brett, J. M., Barsness, Z. I., Tinsley, C. H., & Janssens, M. (1995). A paradigm for confirmatory cross-cultural research in organizational-behavior. Research in Organizational Behavior, 17, 167214.Google Scholar
*Malinen, S., & Johnston, L. (2011). Seeking a better work–life balance: Expectations and perceptions of work-related practices and attitudes of recent immigrants to New Zealand. Asian & Pacific Migration Journal, 20, 233252.Google Scholar
*Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A. Y., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., … Moreno-Velazquez, I. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work-to-family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A comparison of three country clusters: Work-to-family conflict across countries. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 61, 129.Google Scholar
McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achievement Society. Princeton, NJ: Von Nostrand.Google Scholar
*Mortazavi, S., Pedhiwala, N., Shafiro, M., & Hammer, L. (2009). Work–family conflict related to culture and gender. Community, Work & Family, 12, 251273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
*Netemeyer, R. G., Brashear-Alejandro, T., & Boles, J. S. (2004). A cross-national model of job-related outcomes of work role and family role variables: A retail sales context. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Sciences, 32, 4960.Google Scholar
*Ng, T., & Feldman, D. C. (2012). The Effects of Organizational and Community Embeddedness on Work-to-Family and Family-to-Work Conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 12331251.Google Scholar
*Ng, T., & Feldman, D. C. (2014). Embeddedness and well-being in the United States and Singapore: The mediating effects of work-to-family and family-to-work conflict. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19, 360375. doi:10.1037/a0036922CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
*Notten, N., Grunow, D., & Verbakel, E. (2016). Social policies and families in stress: Gender and educational differences in work–family conflict from a European perspective. Social Indicators Research. Advance online publication. doi:10.1007/s11205-016-1344-zGoogle Scholar
*O’Brien, K. M., Ganginis Del Pino, H. V., Yoo, S.-K., Cinamon, R. G., & Han, Y.-J. (2014). Work, family, support, and depression: Employed mothers in Israel, Korea, and the United States. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61, 461472. doi:10.1037/a0036339Google Scholar
OECD (2013). Usual working hours per week by gender. Retrieved from www.oecd.org/els/family/LMF2_1_Usual_working_hours_by_gender_July2013.pdfGoogle Scholar
*Oishi, A. S., Chan, R. K. H., Wang, L. L.-R., & Kim, J.-H. (2015). Do part-time jobs mitigate workers’ work–family conflict and enhance wellbeing? New evidence from four East-Asian societies. Social Indicators Research, 121, 525. doi:10.1007/s11205-014–0624-8Google Scholar
Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2016). Cross-national work–life research: Cultural and structural impacts for individuals and organizations. Journal of Management, 43, 111136. doi:10.1177/0149206316655873CrossRefGoogle Scholar
*Ollier-Malaterre, A., Sarkisian, N., Stawiski, S., & Hannum, K. M. (2013). Work–life balance and performance across countries: Cultural and institutional approaches. In Major, D. A. & Burke, R. (Eds.), Handbook of Work–Life Integration Among Professionals: Challenges and Opportunities (pp. 357380). Northampton, MA US: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar
*Öun, I. (2012). Work–family conflict in the Nordic countries: A comparative analysis. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 165184.Google Scholar
*Pal, S., & Saksvik, P. O. (2006). A comparative study of Work and Family Conflict in Norwegian and Indian Hospitals. Nordic Psychology, 58, 298.Google Scholar
*Pal, S., & Saksvik, P. O. (2008). Work–family conflict and psychosocial work environment stressors as predictors of job stress in a cross-cultural study. International Journal of Stress Management, 15, 2242.Google Scholar
Poelmans, S.A.Y., O’Driscoll, M., & Beham, B. (2005). An overview of international research on the work–family interface. In Poelmans, S.A.Y. (Ed.), Work and Family: An International Research Perspective (pp. 337). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
*Posthuma, R. A., Joplin, J. R. W., & Maertz, C. P. (2005). Comparing the validity of turnover predictors in the United States and Mexico. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 5, 165180.Google Scholar
*Rantanen, J., Kinnunen, U., Mauno, S., & Tement, S. (2013). Patterns of conflict and enrichment in work–family balance: a three-dimensional typology. Work & Stress, 27, 141163.Google Scholar
Romeo, M., Berger, R., Yepes-Baldó, M., & Ramos, B. (2014). Adaptation and validation of the Spanish Version of the “Survey Work-Home Interaction–NijmeGen” (SWING) to Spanish speaking countries. Annals of Psychology, 30, 287293. doi:10.6018/analesps.30.1.148291Google Scholar
*Ruppanner, L. (2013). Conflict between work and family: An investigation of four policy measures. Social Indicators Research, 110, 327347.Google Scholar
*Ruppanner, L., & Huffman, M. L. (2014). Blurred boundaries: Gender and work–family interference in cross-national context. Work and Occupations, 41, 210236.Google Scholar
*Sanseau, P., & Smith, M. (2012). Regulatory change and work–life integration in France and the UK. Personnel Review, 41, 470486.Google Scholar
*Schieman, S., & Young, M. (2015). Who engages in work–family multitasking? A study of Canadian and American workers. Social Indicators Research, 120, 741767.Google Scholar
Shaffer, M. A., Harrison, D. A., Gilley, K. M., & Luk, D. M. (2001). Struggling for balance amid turbulence on international assignments: Work–family conflict, support and commitment. Journal of Management, 27, 99121. doi:10.1177/014920630102700106Google Scholar
Shaffer, M. A., Joplin, J. R., & Hsu, Y. S. (2011). Expanding the boundaries of work–family research: A review and agenda for future research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 11, 221268. doi:10.1177/1470595811398800Google Scholar
Shih, H. A., Chiang, Y. H., & Hsu, C. C. (2010). High involvement work system, work–family conflict, and expatriate performance–examining Taiwanese expatriates in China. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21, 20132030. doi:10.1080/09585192.2010.505101Google Scholar
Shockley, K.M., Douek, J., Smith, C.R., Yu, P.P., Dumani, S., & French, K.A. (in press) Cross-cultural work and family research: A review of the literature. Journal of Vocational Behavior.Google Scholar
Shockley, K.M., Shen, W., Denunzio, M.M., Arvan, M.L., & Knudsen, E.A. (in press). Disentangling the relationship between gender and work-family conflict: An integration of theoretical perspectives using meta-analytic methods. Journal of Applied Psychology.Google Scholar
Shukri, M., Jones, F., & Conner, M. (2016). Work factors, work–family conflict, the theory of planned behaviour and healthy intentions: A cross-cultural study. Stress and Health, 32, 559568. doi:10.1002/smi.2662Google Scholar
*Simon, M., Kümmerling, A., & Hasselhorn, H.-M. (2004). Work-home conflict in the European nursing profession. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 10, 384391. doi:10.1179/oeh.2004.10.4.384Google Scholar
*Smyrnios, K. X., Romano, C. A., Tanewski, G. A., Karofsky, P. I., Millen, R., & Yilmaz, M. R. (2003). Work–family conflict: A study of American and Australian family businesses. Family Business Review, 16, 3551. doi:10.1111/j.1741-6248.2003.00035.xGoogle Scholar
Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S. A., Cooper, C. L., Bernin, P., Hart, P., … & Yu, S. (2005). An international comparative study of work/family stress and occupational strain. In Poelmans, S. A. Y. (Ed.), Work and Family: An International Research Perspective (pp. 7184). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
*Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S. A., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., O’Driscoll, M., … Widerszal-Bazyl, M. (2007). Cross-national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions with work–family conflict. Personnel Psychology, 60, 805835.Google Scholar
*Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., Poelmans, S., Allen, T. D., O’Driscoll, M., Sanchez, J. I., … Yu, S. (2004). A cross-national comparative study of work–family stressors, working hours, and well-being: China and Latin American versus the Anglo world. Personnel Psychology, 57, 119142.Google Scholar
Spector, P.E., Liu, C., & Sanchez, J.I. (2015). Methodological and substantive issues in conducting multinational and cross-cultural research. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2, 101–31.Google Scholar
*Steiber, N. (2009). Reported levels of time-based and strain-based conflict between work and family roles in Europe: A multilevel approach. Social Indicators Research, 93, 469488. doi:10.1007/s11205-008–9436-zGoogle Scholar
*Strandh, M., & Nordenmark, M. (2006). The interference of paid work with household demands in different social policy contexts: Perceived work-household conflict in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. British Journal of Sociology, 57, 597617.Google Scholar
*Syed, S., Arain, G. A., Schalk, R., & Freese, C. (2015). Balancing work and family obligations in Pakistan and the Netherlands: A Comparative Study. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 34, 3952. doi:10.1002/joe.21625Google Scholar
Takeuchi, R., Yun, S., & Tesluk, P. E. (2002). An examination of crossover and spillover effects of spousal and expatriate cross-cultural adjustment on expatriate outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 655666. doi:10.1037/0021–9010.87.4.655CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Timms, C., Brough, P., Siu, O. L., O’Driscoll, M., & Kalliath, T. (2015). Cross-cultural impact of work–life balance on health and work outcomes. In Lu, L. & Cooper, C. L. (Eds.), Handbook of Research on work–Life Balance in Asia, 295314.Google Scholar
*Van der Lippe, T., Jager, A., & Kops, Y. (2006). Combination pressure: The paid work–family balance of men and women in European countries. Acta Sociologica, 49, 303319.Google Scholar
Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3, 470. doi:10.1177/109442810031002Google Scholar
*Wang, P., Lawler, J. J., & Shi, K. (2011). Implementing family-friendly employment practices in baking industry: Evidences from some African and Asian countries. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84, 493517.Google Scholar
*Wang, P., Lawler, J. J., & Shi, K. (2010). Work–family conflict, self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and gender: Evidences from Asia. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 17, 298308. doi:10.1177/1548051810368546Google Scholar
*Wang, P., Lawler, J. J., Walumbwa, F. O., & Shi, K. (2004). Work–family conflict and job withdrawal intentions: The moderating effect of cultural differences. International Journal of Stress Management, 4, 392412.Google Scholar
*Weckstrom, S. (2011). Working mothers in Finland: A cross-country comparison of work to family interference, work characteristics and satisfaction with life. Finnish Yearbook of Population Research, 46, 7194.Google Scholar
*Wharton, A. S., & Blair-Loy, M. (2006). Long work hours and family life: A cross-national study of employees’ concerns. Journal of Family Issues, 27, 415436.Google Scholar
*Wierda-Boer, H. H., Gerris, J., Vermulst, A., Malinen, K., & Anderson, K. (2009). Combination strategies and work–family interface among dual-earner couples in Finland, Germany, and the Netherlands. Community, Work, & Family, 12, 233249.Google Scholar
Wiese, B.S., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2008). Goal conflict and facilitation as predictors of work–family satisfaction and engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 490497.Google Scholar
*Yang, N. (2005). Individualism-collectivism and work–family interfaces: A Sino-U.S. comparison. In Poelmans, S. A. Y. (Ed.), Work and Family: An International Research Perspective (pp. 287318). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
*Yang, N., Chen, C. C., Choi, J., & Zou, Y. (2000). Sources of work–family conflict: A Sino-U.S. Comparison of the effects of work and family demands. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 113123. doi:10.2307/1556390Google Scholar
*Yeh, H.-J. (2015). Job demands, job resources, and job satisfaction in East Asia. Social Indicators Research, 121, 4760. doi:10.1007/s11205-014–0631-9Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×