Book contents
- The Worlds of the Indian Ocean
- The Worlds of the Indian Ocean
- The Worlds of the Indian Ocean
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Maps and Charts (in Color Plates)
- Illustrations (in Color Plates)
- Figures
- Tables
- Abbreviations
- Part I The Indian Ocean between Tang China and the Muslim Empire (Seventh–Tenth Century)
- Part II Globalization during the Song and Mongol Periods (Tenth–Fourteenth Century), and the Downturn of the Fourteenth Century
- Part III From the Globalization of the Afro-Eurasian Area to the Dawn of European Expansion (Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries)
- Introduction
- Chapter 14 Ming China: From Expansion to Withdrawal into Threatened Territory
- Chapter 15 India: The Flowering of the Sultanates and the Expansion of Vijayanāgara
- Chapter 16 Southeast Asia: Era of the Merchant Sultanates
- Chapter 17 Western Asia: Revival of the Persian Gulf
- Chapter 18 Egypt and Yemen: Advances in State Trade and the End of the Kārimī
- Chapter 19 East Africa and the Comoros
- Chapter 20 Madagascar (Fifteenth–Sixteenth Century): The Rise of Trading Ports and Development of the Highlands
- Chapter 21 The Portuguese in the Indian Ocean
- Epilogue
- Bibliography
- Index of Geographical Names
- Name Index
- Subject Index
Introduction
from Part III - From the Globalization of the Afro-Eurasian Area to the Dawn of European Expansion (Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 October 2019
- The Worlds of the Indian Ocean
- The Worlds of the Indian Ocean
- The Worlds of the Indian Ocean
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Maps and Charts (in Color Plates)
- Illustrations (in Color Plates)
- Figures
- Tables
- Abbreviations
- Part I The Indian Ocean between Tang China and the Muslim Empire (Seventh–Tenth Century)
- Part II Globalization during the Song and Mongol Periods (Tenth–Fourteenth Century), and the Downturn of the Fourteenth Century
- Part III From the Globalization of the Afro-Eurasian Area to the Dawn of European Expansion (Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries)
- Introduction
- Chapter 14 Ming China: From Expansion to Withdrawal into Threatened Territory
- Chapter 15 India: The Flowering of the Sultanates and the Expansion of Vijayanāgara
- Chapter 16 Southeast Asia: Era of the Merchant Sultanates
- Chapter 17 Western Asia: Revival of the Persian Gulf
- Chapter 18 Egypt and Yemen: Advances in State Trade and the End of the Kārimī
- Chapter 19 East Africa and the Comoros
- Chapter 20 Madagascar (Fifteenth–Sixteenth Century): The Rise of Trading Ports and Development of the Highlands
- Chapter 21 The Portuguese in the Indian Ocean
- Epilogue
- Bibliography
- Index of Geographical Names
- Name Index
- Subject Index
Summary
Starting in the 1330s, the Afro-Eurasian area experienced demographic decline and a trade recession. This period was also marked by major political crises. After six or seven decades of recession, contacts once again increased among the Asian, African, and European continents, spurred by a demographic upsurge. New economic growth was triggered not only by China’s rebound, but also by the rise to power of Europe, the expanding Ottoman Empire, and the rapid development of large Indian states and Asian city-states such as Malacca, Calicut, and Hormuz. Throughout the world-system, exchange networks grew more extensive and increasingly complex, and states became better at mobilizing resources and labor forces. Between 1400 and 1500, according to J. N. Biraben’s estimates (1979), the population of the Ancient World rose from 375 to 476 million. But the fourth cycle of the world-system was not merely an extension of previous cycles.
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- The Worlds of the Indian OceanA Global History, pp. 433 - 457Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2019