Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-x5cpj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-29T16:27:56.906Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

3 - Menilek, Gobäna, and the Creation of Habäsha Shäwa, 1855–88

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 March 2020

Get access

Summary

This chapter begins with a poem written in Amharic by an Oromo asking for help from a Mänz ruler against his enemies. This poem states, “Lend me your horse I have a journey to make to Ankober [Sahlä Sellassé's capital]/To plead for [the appointment of ] an Administrator/To protect me from my enemies.” This speaks to the extensive intertwining of the populations of Shäwa, politically, socially, and culturally. One Shäwan Oromo, Habäsha Ras Gobäna, will be highlighted as an example of both the inclusion of the Shäwan population in the Habäsha community and the specific type of Habäsha that produced modern Ethiopia. This community was marked by a syncretic culture resulting from Amhara, Oromo, Gurage, and Muslim populations. This culture also made them alien to their northern Habäsha brethren.

Gobäna Dach’é was born in Shäwa to Oromo parents, most likely of some political importance, in the early nineteenth century, and he died as one of the primary architects of Menilek's Ethiopian Empire in 1888. His life speaks to Habäsha cultural practices of inclusion, which culminated in his entrance into the Habäsha community. His grandson Wässan Säggäd, whose other grandfather was Menilek, was the chosen successor to the throne. He began in Menilek's Shäwa Ethiopia as a soldier, and as he became more successful, he became a local leader of all the Oromo south of Wällo who were a part of the Ethiopian empire. His demotion before his death marked the beginning of Menilek's shift from building alliances with local leaders to creating positions over which he had sole authority.

Shäwa, a peaceful province during the wars of the Zämänä Mäsafent, developed a political system initially drawing on Gondärine norms and was marked by centralization and widespread negotiations that eventually led to the expansion its leaders’ authority to encompass the largest empire Ethiopia has ever seen. This chapter examines key Shäwan Oromo actors who became Habäsha and the changes in Shäwan and Ethiopian political organization that led to Shäwan control over both the northern Abyssinian provinces and territories to the south, southeast, and southwest. Oromo conquests created a buffer between not only Mänz and the state centered at Gondär (or Däbrä Tabor), but also with many of the states that arose south of Shäwa.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Other Abyssinians
The Northern Oromo and the Creation of Modern Ethiopia, 1855-1913
, pp. 55 - 80
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×