Geoffrey Chaucer had a mother. He also had a wife, a daughter, a sister-in-law. He was a page in the household of a noblewoman. He may well have had a lover. He encountered women of all kinds, all shapes and sizes, ranks and degrees, ages and stages of life, and many versions of these women found their way into his works. In the later Middle Ages, society was divided into three estates: those who pray -- the clergy; those who fight -- the aristocracy and landed gentry; and those who work -- commoners, encompassing peasants, artisans, merchants and burgesses, among others. Women, tellingly, were usually categorised by virtue of the estate of their father or husband. This chapter sets out to convey, briefly, a sense of the wide range of women’s lives in Chaucer’s England. It offers glimpses into the lives of young women, widows, nuns, women of the court, urban women, country women and women of the streets, bolstered by vignettes of historical figures from the period.