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4.1 - Letting go: a study in pediatric life-and-death decision making

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2009

Lawrence H. Mathers
Affiliation:
M.D., Ph.D. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
Lorry R. Frankel
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Amnon Goldworth
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Mary V. Rorty
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
William A. Silverman
Affiliation:
Columbia University, New York
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Summary

Introduction

No prospect is more terrifying for parents than being asked to consider the possibility of withdrawing aspects of medical care being provided for their child. Their decision may result in the child's death (Farrell and Levin 1993). Family beliefs, religion, medical science, social values, and the ongoing debate over the importance of individual human life will interact, and sometimes clash, during the process which will culminate in a decision (Luce 1997a, 1997b). The following case illustrates many of the questions which arise, and the difficulty of choosing a clear course of action.

The case of JM

A three-year-old male, JM, wandered into the back yard while his mother was answering the doorbell and fell into the family swimming pool. It took the mother about five minutes to conclude her business with the visitor at the door. When she returned to the back yard, it took her another two to three minutes to notice that JM was missing. She searched the house rapidly, and eventually made the tragic discovery that her son was lying motionless at the bottom of the pool. Initially she panicked, then retrieved him from the water, laid him on the side of the pool, initiated mouth-to-mouth breathing, and then dialed 911 in order to summon help. When the EMS personnel arrived, the child was pulseless and cyanotic. It was believed that he had spent somewhere between 10 and 15 minutes in the water. They performed CPR with a bag-valve-mask device with 100% oxygen.

Type
Chapter
Information
Ethical Dilemmas in Pediatrics
Cases and Commentaries
, pp. 89 - 94
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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References

Avery, G. B.Futility considerations in the neonatal intensive care unit. Seminars in Perinatology 22 (1998), 216–222CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bock, K. R., Teres, D. and Rapoport, J.Economic implications of the timing of do-not-resuscitate orders for ICU patients. New Horizons 5 (1997), 51–55Google ScholarPubMed
Rhodes, R.Futility and the goals of medicine. Journal of Clinical Ethics 9 (1998), 194–205Google ScholarPubMed
Scribano, P. V., Baker, M. D., and Ludwig, S.Factors influencing termination of resuscitative efforts in children: a comparison of pediatric emergency medicine and adult emergency medicine physicians. Pediatric Emergency Care 13 (1997), 320–324CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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