In the last decade, the European Union has faced a plurality of crises. Since 2008, the economic and financial crisis, generally known as the euro-crisis, has challenged the functioning of Europe’s Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), to the point of threatening the unity of the single currency. In the last few years, the EU has also faced a dramatic migration crisis, triggered by the mass migration of people from North Africa and the Middle East. Moreover, the EU has encountered internal and external pressures, with national security and foreign affairs calling into question the cohesion of the EU member states, and their common resolve against international threats. Last but not least, in June 2016 the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU, exposing more explicitly than ever the disintegrative forces at play in the EU.