Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cc8bf7c57-77pjf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-10T22:32:40.734Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

6 - The Thirty Years' Peace

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

By
D. M. Lewis
Edited by
David M. Lewis ,
John Boardman ,
J. K. Davies  and
M. Ostwald
Get access

Summary

THE PEACE OF CALLIAS

Thucydides' account of the Fifty Years contains no statement of any kind about a cessation of hostilities between Athens and Persia. That is, by any standards, a serious omission of a matter directly relevant to the development of the empire (cf. Thuc. III. 10.4): it is the nature and completeness of his excursus which should be questioned rather than the fact that the Persian War came to an end. It is clear that Athens abstained from further offensive action against Persia after Cimon's last expedition. Nothing in Book 1 of Thucydides suggests that Athens was known to be in a state of war with Persia in the 430s, and in the early years of the Peloponnesian War Athens appears to be feeling for Persian help without any suggestion that peace itself was an issue.

The only sources which fill the gap with any clarity are derived from Ephorus. Of these, Aristodemus 13 may be safely neglected. In Diodorus (XII.4) the King is moved by the defeats in Cyprus to desire peace. A mission to Athens from the Persian commanders is followed by an Athenian embassy headed by Callias son of Hipponicus and by a settlement. The terms reported are that all the Greek cities of Asia should be autonomous, that the Persian satraps should not come within three days' journey of the sea, that no long ships should come beyond Phaselis and the Blue Rocks, and that the Athenians should not attack the King's territory (chora).

Keywords

naval empireAthenian embassyCyprus expeditionPersian commandersPeace of CalliasThucydidesSpartan expedition
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Ancient History , pp. 121 - 146
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Accame, S. Review of B. D. Meritt, Documents on Athenian Tribute, in Riv. di Filol. 66 (1938)
Ameling, W. ‘Plutarch, Perikles 12–14’, Historia 24 (1985)Google Scholar
Ampolo, C. ‘I contributi alia prima spedizione ateniese in Sicilia’, Parola del Passato 42 (1987)Google Scholar
Andrewes, A. ‘The opposition to Perikles’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 98 (1978)Google Scholar
Andrewes, A. ‘Thucydides and the Persians’, Historic 10 (1961)Google Scholar
Asheri, D. ‘The site of Brea’, American Journal of Philology 90 (1969)Google Scholar
Badian, E. ‘The Peace of Callias’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 107 (1987)Google Scholar
Balcer, J. M. The Athenian Regulations for Chalkis: Studies in Athenian Imperial Law (Historia Einzelschr. 33). Wiesbaden, 1978
Barron, J. P. ‘Chios in the Athenian Empire’, in F 7,
Barron, J. P. The Silver Coins of Samos. London, 1966
Bengtson, H. Die Verträge der griechisch-römischen Welt von 700 bis 338 v. Chr. (Die Staatsverträge des Altertums II). Munich-Berlin, 1962. (2nd edn 1975)
Boardman, J. ‘The Parthenon frieze – another view’, in Festschrift für Frank Brommer. Mainz, 1977 Google Scholar
Bosworth, A. B. ‘The Congress Decree: another hypothesis’, Historia 20 (1971)Google Scholar
Bousquet, J. ‘Inscriptions de Delphes’, Bulletin de correspondance bellénique 109 (1985)Google Scholar
Bradeen, D. W. and McGregor, M. F. Studies in Fifth-Century Attic Epigraphy. Norman, 1973
Bradeen, D. W. ‘Athenian casualty lists’, Hesperia. 33 (1964)Google Scholar
Bridges, A. P. ‘The Athenian treaty with Samos, ML 56’ Journal of Hellenic Studies 100 (1980)Google Scholar
Brommer, F. Der Parthenonfries, Katalog und Untersuchung. Mainz, 1977
Brunt, P. A. ‘Athenian settlements abroad in the fifth century b.c. ’, in A 34,
Buck, R. J. A History of Boeotia. Edmonton, 1979
Burford, A. M. ‘The builders of the Parthenon’, in I 121,
Burkert, W. Greek Religion: Archaic and Classical, (transl. of K 13 by Raffan, J. ). Oxford, 1985
Busolt, G. Griechische Geschichte bis zur Schlacht bei Chaeroneia. I2, II2, III. i, III. ii (to 404). Gotha,
Cameron, G. G. Persepolis Treasury Tablets (OIP 65). Chicago, 1948
Carradice, I. A. (ed.) Coinage and Administration in the Athenian and Persian Empires (BAR International Series 343). Oxford, 1987
Cawkwell, G. L. ‘The foundation of the Second Athenian Confederacy’, Classical Quarterly n.s. 23 (1973)Google Scholar
Clairmont, C. ‘New light on some public Athenian documents of the 5th and 4th century’, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 36 (1979)Google Scholar
Connor, W. R. Theopompus and Fifth-Century Athens. Washington, 1968
Cook, J. M. ‘The problem of Classical Ionia’, PCPhS n.s. 7 (1961)Google Scholar
Davies, J. K. ‘Demosthenes on liturgies: a note’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 87 (1967)Google Scholar
de Ste Croix, G. E. M. ‘Notes on jurisdiction in the Athenian Empire’, Classical Quarterly n.s. 11 (1961)Google Scholar
de Ste Croix, G. E. M. The Origins of the Peloponnesian War. London, 1972
Earp, A. J. ‘Athens and Miletos ca. 450 b.c. ’. Phoenix 8 (1954)Google Scholar
Eddy, S. K. ‘Some irregular amounts of Athenian tribute’, American Journal of Philology 94 (1975)Google Scholar
Effenterre, H. ‘La fondation de Paestum’, Parola del Passato fasc. 192 (1980)Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, V. ‘The foundation of Thurii’, American Journal of Philology 69 (1948)Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, V. ‘Thucydides on Athenian colonisation’, Cl. Phil. 47 (1952)Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, V. Polis und Imperium. Zurich–Stuttgart, 1965
Erxleben, E. ‘Das Münzgesetz des delisch-attischen Seebundes’, AfP 19 (1969)Google Scholar
Erxleben, E. ‘Die Kleruchien auf Euböa und Lesbos und die Methoden der attischen Herrschaft im 5. Jh.’, Klio 57 (1975)Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. ‘Classical Greece’, in Second International Conference of Economic History i: Trade and Politics in the Ancient World. Paris, 1965 Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (ed.) Slavery in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge, 1960
Fornara, C. W. ‘On the chronology of the Samian War’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 99 (1979)Google Scholar
Garlan, Y. ‘Etudes d'histoire militaire et diplomatique’, Bulletin de correspondance bellénique 89 (1965)Google Scholar
Garnsey, P. D. A. and Whittaker, C. R. (eds.) Trade and Famine in Classical Antiquity. (PCPhS Suppl. 8). Cambridge, 1983
Gomme, A. W. ‘Thucydides ii 13, 3’, Historia 2 (1953/4)Google Scholar
Graham, A. J. Colony and Mother City in Ancient Greece. Manchester, 1964
Hammond, N. G. L. Studies in Greek History. Oxford, 1973
Harris, H. A. Sport in Greece and Rome. London, 1972
Harrison, E. Review of K 39, in American Journal of A rchaeology 61 (1957)
Holladay, A. J. ‘The détente of Kallias?’, Historia 35 (1986)Google Scholar
Jones, A. H. M. ‘Two synods of the Delian and Peloponnesian Leagues’, PCPhS n.s. 2 (1952–3)Google Scholar
Kahrstedt, U. Beiträge zur Geschichte der thrakischen Chersones (Deutsche Beiträge zur Altertumswissenschaft 6). Baden-Baden, 1954
Keaney, J. J. ‘Heliodorus F 1 and Philochorus F 41’, Historia 17 (1968)Google Scholar
Kraay, C. M. Archaic and Classical Greek Coins. London, 1976
Kyle, D. G. Athletics in Ancient Athens. Leiden, 1987
Legon, R. P. Megara: the Political History of a Greeek City-State to 336 b.c. Ithaca–London, 1981
Lewis, D. M. ‘Notes on Attic inscriptions’, Annual of the British School at Athens 49 (1954)Google Scholar
Lewis, D. M. ‘The treaties with Leontini and Rhegion’, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 22 (1976)Google Scholar
Lewis, D. M. ‘The Athenian Coinage Decree’, in A 16,
Lewis, D. M. Sparta and Persia (Cincinnati Classical Lectures 1). Leiden, 1977
Lloyd-Jones, P. H. J. ‘Modern interpretation of Pindar: the Second Pythian and Seventh Nemean Odes’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 93 (1973)Google Scholar
MacDowell, D. M. ‘The oikos in Athenian Law’, Classical Quarterly n.s. 39 (1989)Google Scholar
Martin, T. R. Sovereignty and Coinage in Classical Greece. Princeton, 1985
Mattingly, H. B. ‘“Epigraphically the Twenties are too late”’, Annual of the British School at Athens 65 (1970)Google Scholar
Mattingly, H. B. ‘The Athenian Nike temple reconsidered’, American Journal of Archaeology 86 (1982)Google Scholar
Mattingly, H. B. ‘The Athenian Coinage Decree and the assertion of empire’, in A 16,
McGregor, M. F. ‘Athens and Hestiaia’, Hesperia. Suppl. 19 (1982)Google Scholar
McGregor, M. F. ‘The ninth prescript of the Attic Quota-Lists’, Phoenix 16 (1962)Google Scholar
Meiggs, R. ‘A note on Athenian imperialism’, Classical Review 63 (1949)Google Scholar
Meiggs, R. ‘The crisis of Athenian imperialism’, Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 67 (1963)Google Scholar
Meiggs, R. ‘The political implications of the Parthenon’, in I 121,
Meiggs, R. The Athenian Empire. Oxford, 1972
Meister, K. Die Ungeschichtlichkeit des Kalliasfriedens und deren historische Folgen (Palingenesia XVIII). Wiesbaden, 1982
Meritt, B. D. ‘The tribute quota list of 454/3 b.c. ’, Hesperia. 41 (1972)Google Scholar
Meyer, E. Forschungen zur alten Geschichte II. Halle, 1899
Murray, O. ‘‘Ο’ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ ΔΑ㎣ΜΟΣ’, Historia 15 (1966)Google Scholar
Nesselhauf, H. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der delisch-attischen Symmachie (Klio Beiheft 30). Leipzig, 1933
Oliver, J. H. ‘The Peace of Callias and the Pontic expedition of Pericles’, Historia 6 (1957)Google Scholar
Piérart, M. ‘Athènes et Milet’, Mus. Helv. 40 (1983)Google Scholar
Piérart, M. ‘Les ΕΠΙΜΗΝΙΟΙ de Milet’, Ant. Class. 38 (1969)Google Scholar
Piérart, M. ‘Milet dans la première liste de tributs’, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 15 (1974)Google Scholar
Price, M. J. ‘Early Greek bronze coinage’, in Kraay, C. M. and Jenkins, G. K. (eds.) Essays in Greek Coinage presented to Stanley Robinson. Oxford, 1968 Google Scholar
Pritchett, W. K. ‘The height of the Lapis Primus ’, Historia 13 (1964)Google Scholar
Pritchett, W. K. ‘The location of the Lapis Primus ’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 8 (1967)Google Scholar
Pritchett, W. K. ‘The top of the Lapis Primus ’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 7 (1966)Google Scholar
Quinn, T. J. Athens and Samos, Lesbos and Chios, 478–404 b.c. Manchester, 1981
Robertson, N. D. ‘Government and society at Miletus, 525–442 b.c. ’, Phoenix 41 (1987)Google Scholar
Robinson, E. S. G. ‘The Athenian Currency Decree and the coinages of the allies’, Hesperia. Suppl. 8 (1949)Google Scholar
Roux, G. L'Amphictionie, Delphes et le Temple d'Apollon au IVe siècle. Lyons, 1979
Schuller, W. ‘Die Einführung der Demokratie auf Samos im 5. Jahrhundert V. Chr.’, Klio 63 (1981)Google Scholar
Schuller, W. Die Herrschaft der Athener im ersten attischen Seebund. Berlin, 1974
Seager, R. ‘The Congress Decree: some doubts and a hypothesis’, Historia 18 (1969)Google Scholar
Smart, J. D. ‘Athens and Egesta’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 92 (1972)Google Scholar
Sordi, M. ‘La posizione di Delfi e dell'Anfizionia nel decennio tra Tanagra e Coronea’, Riv. di Filol. n.s. 36 (1958)Google Scholar
Stanier, R. S. ‘The cost of the Parthenon’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 73 (1953)Google Scholar
Starr, C. G. Athenian Coinage 480–449 b.c. Oxford, 1970
Thompson, W. E. ‘The Peace of Callias in the fourth century’, Historia 30 (1981)Google Scholar
Tracy, S. V. ‘Hands in fifth-century b.c. Attic inscriptions’, in Studies Presented to Sterling Dow on his Eightieth Birthday. Durham, N.C., 1984 Google Scholar
Vickers, M. ‘Early Greek coinage: a reassessment’, Num. Chron. (1985)Google Scholar
Vinogradov, Yu. G. ‘Sinopa i Olbiya V V V. do n. e. Problema politicheskogo ustroistva’, Vestnik Drevnei Istorii 1981, 2,Google Scholar
von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, U. Timotheos: die Perser. Leipzig, 1903
Wade-Gery, H. T. and Meritt, B. D. ‘Athenian resources in 449 and 431 b.c. ’, Hesperia. 26 (1957)Google Scholar
Wade-Gery, H. T. ‘The question of tribute in 449/8 b.c. ’, Hesperia. 14 (1945)Google Scholar
Wade-Gery, H. T. Essays in Greek History. Oxford, 1958
Walsh, J. ‘The authenticity and the dates of the Peace of Callias and the Congress Decree’, Chiron 11 (1981)Google Scholar
White, M. E. ‘Some Agiad dates: Pausanias and his sons’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 84 (1964)Google Scholar
Will, E. ‘Notes sur les régimes politiques de Samos’, Revue des études anciennes 71 (1969)Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×