Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T06:15:52.681Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

V - Problems confined to obstetrics

from Section 2 - Pregnancy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2019

Róisín Monteiro
Affiliation:
Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals’ NHS Trust
Marwa Salman
Affiliation:
Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
Surbhi Malhotra
Affiliation:
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Steve Yentis
Affiliation:
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Analgesia, Anaesthesia and Pregnancy
A Practical Guide
, pp. 195 - 270
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Further reading

Mozurkewich, EL, Chilimigras, JL, Berman, DR, et al. Methods of induction of labour: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2011; 11: 84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mozurkewich, E, Chilimigras, J, Koepke, E, Keeton, K, King, VJ. Indications for induction of labour: a best-evidence review. BJOG 2009; 116: 626–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Inducing Labour. Clinical Guideline 70. London: NICE, 2008. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG70 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar

Further reading

Mavrides, E, Allard, S, Chandraharan, E, et al.; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Prevention and management of postpartum haemorrhage. BJOG 2016; 124: e10649.Google Scholar
Meshykhi, LS, Nel, MR, Lucas, DN. The role of carbetocin in the prevention and management of postpartum haemorrhage. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2016; 28: 61–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Preterm Labour and Birth. NICE Guideline NG 25. London: NICE, 2015. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng25 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar
Vallera, C, Choi, LO, Cha, CM, Hong, RW. Uterotonic medications: oxytocin, methylergonovine, carboprost, misoprostol. Anesthesiol Clin 2017; 35: 207–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vercauteren, M, Palit, S, Soetens, F, Jacquemyn, Y, Alahuhta, S. Anaesthesiological considerations on tocolytic and uterotonic therapy in obstetrics. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53: 701–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Preterm Labour and Birth. NICE Guideline NG 25. London: NICE, 2015. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng25 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar
Simhan, HN, Canavan, TP. Preterm premature rupture of membranes: diagnosis, evaluation and management strategies. BJOG 2005; 112 (Suppl 1): 32–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simhan, HN, Caritis, SN. Prevention of preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 477–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Hannah, ME, Hannah, WJ, Hewson, SA, et al. Planned caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for breech presentation at term: a randomised multicentre trial. Term Breech Trial Collaborative Group. Lancet 2000; 356: 1375–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Impey, LWM, Murphy, DJ, Griffiths, M, Penna, LK; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. External cephalic version and reducing the incidence of term breech presentation. Green-top Guideline 20a. BJOG 2017; 124: e17892.Google Scholar

Further reading

Hutton, EK, Hofmeyr, G, Dowswell, T. External cephalic version for breech presentation before term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; (7): CD000084Google Scholar
Impey, LWM, Murphy, DJ, Griffiths, M, Penna, LK; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. External cephalic version and reducing the incidence of term breech presentation. Green-top Guideline 20a. BJOG 2017; 124: e178–92.Google Scholar
Khaw, KS, Lee, SW, Ngan Kee, WD, et al. Randomized trial of anaesthetic interventions in external cephalic version for breech presentation. Br J Anaesth 2015; 114: 944–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lim, S, Lucero, J. Obstetric and anesthetic approaches to external cephalic version. Anesthesiol Clin 2017; 35: 8194.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Magro-Malosso, ER, Saccone, G, Di Tommaso, M, Mele, M, Berghella, V. Neuraxial analgesia to increase the success rate of external cephalic version: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215: 276–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Kilby, MD, Bricker, L; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Management of monochorionic twin pregnancy. Green-top Guideline 51. BJOG 2016; 124: e145.Google Scholar
Melka, S, Miller, J, Fox, NS. Labor and delivery of twin pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2017; 44: 645–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Multiple Pregnancy: Antenatal Care for Twin and Triplet Pregnancies. Clinical Guideline 129. London: NICE, 2011. www.nice.org.uk/CG129 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar

Further reading

Cahill, AG, Odibo, AO, Allsworth, JE, Macones, GA. Frequent epidural dosing as a marker for impending uterine rupture in patients who attempt vaginal birth after cesarean delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202: 355.e15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guise, JM, Denman, MA, Emeis, C, et al. Vaginal birth after cesarean: new insights on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 115: 1267–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Birth after Previous Caesarean Birth. Green-top Guideline 45. London: RCOG, 2015. www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg45 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar
Scott, JR. Intrapartum management of trial of labour after caesarean delivery: evidence and experience. BJOG 2014; 121: 157–62.Google ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Laopaiboon, M, Lumbiganon, P, Intarut, N, et al.; WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal Newborn Health Research Network. Advanced maternal age and pregnancy outcomes: a multicountry assessment. BJOG 2014; 121 (Suppl 1): 4956.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Osmundson, SS, Gould, JB, Butwick, AJ, Yeaton-Massey, A, El-Sayed, YY. Labor outcome at extremely advanced maternal age. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 214: 362.e17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Fitzpatrick, KE, Sellers, S, Spark, P, et al. The management and outcomes of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta in the UK: a population-based descriptive study. BJOG 2014; 121: 6270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jauniaux, E, Alfirevic, Z, Bhide, AG, et al.; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Placenta praevia and placenta accreta: diagnosis and management. Green-top Guideline 27a. BJOG 2019; 126: e12–48.Google ScholarPubMed
Jauniaux, E, Alfirevic, Z, Bhide, AG, et al.; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Vasa praevia: diagnosis and management. Green-top Guideline 27b. BJOG 2019; 126: e49–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lilker, SJ, Meyer, RA, Downey, KN, Macarthur, AJ. Anesthetic considerations for placenta accreta. Int J Obstet Anesth 2011; 20: 288–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snegovskikh, D, Clebone, A, Norwitz, E. Anesthetic management of patients with placenta accreta and resuscitation strategies for associated massive hemorrhage. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2011; 24: 274–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, NJ, Russell, R. Anaesthesia for abnormally invasive placenta: a single-institution case series. Int J Obstet Anesth 2017; 30: 1015.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Viñas, MT, Chandraharan, E, Moneta, MV, Belli, AM. The role of interventional radiology in reducing haemorrhage and hysterectomy following caesarean section for morbidly adherent placenta. Clin Radiol 2014: 69: e34551.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Further reading

Oyelese, Y, Ananth, CV. Placental abruption. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 108: 1005–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tikkanen, M. Placental abruption: epidemiology, risk factors and consequences. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2011; 90: 140–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Holbrook, BD, Phelan, ST. Umbilical cord prolapse. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2013; 40: 114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kinsella, SM, Girgirah, K, Scrutton, MJ. Rapid sequence spinal anaesthesia for category-1 urgency caesarean section: a case series. Anaesthesia 2010; 65: 664–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Umbilical Cord Prolapse. Green-top Guideline 50. London: RCOG, 2014. www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg50 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar

Further reading

Committee on Obstetric Practice, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Committee Opinion. Number 326, December 2005. Inappropriate use of the terms fetal distress and birth asphyxia. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 106: 1469–70.Google Scholar
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Intrapartum Care for Healthy Women and Babies. Clinical Guideline 190. London: NICE, 2014 (updated 2017). www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg190 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar
Yentis, SM. Whose distress is it anyway? ‘Fetal distress’ and the 30-minute rule. Anaesthesia 2003; 58: 732–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Dahlke, JD, Bhalwal, A, Chauhan, SP. Obstetric emergencies: shoulder dystocia and postpartum haemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2017; 44: 231–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, A, Chauhan, SP. Shoulder dystocia: definitions and incidence. Semin Perinatol 2014; 38: 184–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lim, MN, Gale, A, Debroy, B. Early resort to general anaesthesia in severe shoulder dystocia. J Obstet Gynaecol 2008; 28: 436–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Shoulder Dystocia. Green-top Guideline 42. London: RCOG, 2012 (updated February 2017). www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg42 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar

Further reading

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Late Intrauterine Fetal Death and Stillbirth. Green-top Guideline 55. London: RCOG, 2010. www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg55 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar

Further reading

Allam, J, Cox, M, Yentis, SM. Cell salvage in obstetrics. Int J Obstet Anesth 2008; 17: 3745.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bell, SF, Rayment, R, Collins, PW, Collis, RE. The use of fibrinogen concentrate to correct hypofibrinogenaemia rapidly during obstetric haemorrhage. Int J Obstet Anesth 2010; 19: 218–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cotton, BA, Au, BK, Nunez, TC, et al. Predefined massive transfusion protocols are associated with a reduction in organ failure and postinjury complications. J Trauma 2009; 66: 41–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Mallaiah, S, Barclay, P, Harrod, I, Chevannes, C, Bhalla, A. Introduction of an algorithm for ROTEM-guided fibrinogen concentrate administration in major obstetric haemorrhage. Anaesthesia 2015; 70: 166–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mercier, FJ, Bonnet, MP. Use of clotting factors and other prohemostatic drugs for obstetric hemorrhage. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2010; 23: 310–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Plaat, F, Shonfeld, A. Major obstetric haemorrhage. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain 2015; 15: 190–3.Google Scholar
WOMAN Trial Collaborators. Effect of early tranexamic acid administration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with post-partum haemorrhage (WOMAN): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2017; 389: 2105–16.Google Scholar

Further reading

Kayem, G, Kurinczuk, JJ, Alfirevic, Z, et al. Specific second-line therapies for postpartum haemorrhage: a national cohort study. BJOG 2011; 118: 856–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knight, M; UKOSS. Peripartum hysterectomy in the UK: management and outcomes of the associated haemorrhage. BJOG 2007; 114: 1380–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liabsuetrakul, T, Choobun, T, Peeyananjarassri, K, et al. Treatment for primary postpartum haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; (1): CD003249.Google Scholar
Mavrides, E, Allard, S, Chandraharan, E, et al.; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Prevention and management of postpartum haemorrhage. Green-top Guideline 52. BJOG 2016; 124: e10649.Google Scholar
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. The role of emergency and elective interventional radiology in postpartum haemorrhage. Good Practice 6. London: RCOG, 2007. www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/goodpractice6roleemergency2007.pdf (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar
Weeks, A. The prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage: what do we know, and where do we go to next? BJOG 2015; 122: 202–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Maternal Collapse in Pregnancy and the Puerperium. Green-top Guideline 56. London: RCOG, 2011. www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg56 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar

Further reading

Eldridge, AJ, Ford, R. Perimortem caesarean deliveries. Int Journal Obs Anesth 2016; 27: 4654.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeejeebhoy, FM, Zelop, CM, Lipman, S, et al. Cardiac arrest in pregnancy: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015; 132: 1747–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kikuchi, J, Deering, S. Cardiac arrest in pregnancy. Semin Perinatol 2018; 42: 33–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipman, S, Cohen, S, Einav, S, et al. The Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology Consensus Statement on the Management of Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy. Anesth Analg 2014; 118: 1003–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Truhlář, A, Deakin, CD, Soar, J, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 4. Cardiac arrest in special circumstances. Resuscitation 2015; 95: 148201.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Knight, M, Berg, C, Brocklehurst, P, et al. Amniotic fluid embolism incidence, risk factors and outcomes: a review and recommendations. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2012; 12: 7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knight, M, Nair, M, Tuffnell, D, et al.; MBRRACE-UK. Saving Lives, Improving Mothers’ Care: Lessons learned to inform maternity care from the UK and Ireland Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths and Morbidity 2013–15. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, 2017.Google Scholar
McDonnell, NJ, Percival, V, Paech, MJ. Amniotic fluid embolism: a leading cause of maternal death yet still a medical conundrum. Int J Obstet Anesth 2013; 22: 329–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pacheco, LD, Saade, G, Hankins, GD, Clark, SL; Society for Maternal–Fetal Medicine. Amniotic fluid embolism: diagnosis and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215: B1624.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Joshi, D, James, A, Quaglia, A, Westbrook, RH, Heneghan, MA. Liver disease in pregnancy. Lancet 2010; 375: 594605.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Obstetric Cholestasis. Green-top Guideline 43. London: RCOG, 2011 (updated 2014). www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg43 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar
Westbrook, RH, Dusheiko, G, Williamson, C. Pregnancy and liver disease. J Hepatol 2016; 64: 933–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Kia, L, Rinella, ME. Interpretation and management of hepatic abnormalities in pregnancy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11: 1392–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knight, M, Nelson-Piercy, C, Kurinczuk, JJ, Spark, P, Brocklehurst, P; UK Obstetric Surveillance System. A prospective national study of acute fatty liver of pregnancy in the UK. Gut 2008; 57: 951–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rajasri, AG, Srestha, R, Mitchell, J. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: an overview. J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 27: 237–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tran, TT, Ahn, J, Reau, NS. ACG clinical guideline: liver disease and pregnancy. Am J Gastroenterol 2016; 111: 176–94.Google ScholarPubMed

Further reading

del-Rio-Vellosillo, M, Garcia-Medina, JJ. Anesthetic considerations in HELLP syndrome. Acta Anesthesiol Scand 2016; 60: 144–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fitzpatrick, KE, Hinshaw, K, Kurinczuk, JJ, Knight, M. Risk factors, management, and outcomes of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome and elevated liver enzymes, low platelets syndrome. Obstet Gynecol 2014; 123: 618–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haram, K, Svendsen, E, Abildgaard, U. The HELLP syndrome: clinical issues and management. A review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2009; 9: 8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Dennis, AT, Castro JM. Hypertension and haemodynamics in pregnant women: is a unified theory for pre-eclampsia possible? Anaesthesia 2014; 69: 1183–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hofmeyr, R, Matjila, M, Dyer, R. Preeclampsia in 2017: obstetric and anaesthesia management. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2017; 31: 125–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leffert, LR. What’s new in obstetric anesthesia? Focus on preeclampsia. Int J Obstet Anesth 2015; 24: 264–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mol, BWJ, Roberts, CT, Thangaratinam, S, et al. Pre-eclampsia. Lancet 2016; 387: 999–1011.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in Pregnancy: Diagnosis and Management. Clinical Guideline 107. London: NICE, 2010. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG107 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar
Stocks, G. Preeclampsia: pathophysiology, old and new strategies for management. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2014; 31: 183–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Dean, C, Douglas, J. Magnesium and the obstetric anaesthetist. Int J Obstet Anesth 2013; 22: 5263.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duley, L, Gülmezoglu, AM, Henderson-Smart, DJ, Chou, D. Magnesium sulphate and other anticonvulsants for women with pre-eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; (11): CD000025.Google ScholarPubMed
Duley, L, Henderson-Smart, DJ, Chou, D. Magnesium sulphate versus phenytoin for eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; (10): CD000128.Google ScholarPubMed
Duley, L, Henderson-Smart, DJ, Walker, GJ, Chou, D. Magnesium sulphate versus diazepam for eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; (12): CD000127.Google ScholarPubMed
Duley, L, Matar, HE, Almerie, MQ, Hall, DR. Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; (8): CD007388.Google ScholarPubMed

Further reading

Boelig, RC, Barton, SJ, Saccone, G, et al. Interventions for treating hyperemesis gravidarum. Cochrane Database of Syst Rev 2016; (5): CD010607.Google ScholarPubMed
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. The Management of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Green-top Guideline 69. London: RCOG, 2016. www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg69 (accessed December 2018).Google Scholar

Further reading

Knight, M, Bunch, K, Tuffnell, D, et al.; MBRRACE-UK. Saving Lives, Improving Mothers’ Care: Lessons learned to inform maternity care from the UK and Ireland Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths and Morbidity 2014–16. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, 2018.Google Scholar
Knight, M, Nair, M, Tuffnell, D, et al.; MBRRACE-UK. Saving Lives, Improving Mothers’ Care: Lessons learned to inform maternity care from the UK and Ireland Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths and Morbidity 2013–15. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, 2017.Google Scholar
Lucas, DN, Bamber, JH. UK Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths: still learning to save mothers’ lives. Anaesthesia 2018; 73: 416–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yentis, SM. From CEMD to CEMACH to CMACE to … ? Where now for the confidential enquiries into maternal deaths? Anaesthesia 2011; 66: 859–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×