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‘What is Different is Good’: Women and Femininity in the Films of Alexander Kluge

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2021

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Summary

The real problem is therefore not the issue of legitimation - who will be permitted to take up women's issues. Or does there exist a sort of right of private property relating to this theme among certain groups because they themselves are struggling, because they must suffer oppression on their own bodies? The problem is, rather, to what extent the experience of oppression can be understood at all by those who are not oppressed in the same way. The capacity is what is being brought into question, not the authorisation.

Alexander Kluge, Gelegenheitsarbeit einer Sklavin: Zur realistischen Methode

Alexander Kluge formulated this statement in the early 1970s, when he took issue with the protests raised by those in the women's movement against his film GELEGENHEITSARBEIT EINER SKLAVIN/PART-TIME WORK OF A DOMESTIC SLAVE (1973). In order to determine the meaning of ‘female productive force', the film had attempted to depict a ‘femininity’ [Weiblichkeit] that was oppressed, but which, unaccommodated to its oppression, resisted it. The doubt that arose in the course of those discussions as to whether that attempt had been successful - indeed, whether it could have succeeded - to some extent still remains today. At the same time we must admit that the original debate was not free of moralistic overtones. Women who had been working hard towards a repeal of Paragraph 218/ and who were daily confronted with the problems of birth control and illegal abortions, were understandably unsympathetic to the filmic documentation of an abortion that did not support their struggle. Marlies Kallweit wrote:

Here we see, once again, how Kluge purports to side with women while at the same time trivialising their most important problems. He goes even further than this: abortion is characterised as criminal without Kluge's ever questioning this characterisation. At the end of the abortion scene he shows how the small white embryo lies pitifully in the garbage. Through this method of representation, he stabs in the back those women working for the repeal of Paragraph 218.

In fact, as Ruby Rich later concluded, the production of PART-TIME WORK OF A DOMESTIC SLAVE ignored the public sphere of the women's movement.

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Alexander Kluge
Raw Materials for the Imagination
, pp. 72 - 92
Publisher: Amsterdam University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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