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3327834 results

Page 59 of 166392

  • Chapter 5 - Communication

  • Jeffrey Thomas, Department of Education, Tasmania, Helen Egeberg, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Roberto H. Parada, Western Sydney University, Danielle Tracey, Western Sydney University, Karen Martin, University of Western Australia, Perth
  • Book:
    Student Engagement
    Published online:
    22 December 2024
    Print publication:
    16 January 2025, pp 102-131

  • Summary

    Perhaps the most frequent, yet understated, interactions we create with students are when we communicate with them directly. As Charles, Senter and Barr suggest, ‘relationships are built on communication and easily destroyed by it’. In this chapter, we will examine how verbal and non-verbal communication techniques can be used throughout your classroom to strengthen your students’ relationship with education. This chapter explores how every time we communicate, verbally or non-verbally, we are creating an interaction between our students and their relationship with education, and if we can do it to enhance clarity, immediacy and credibility, then we have a much better chance of increasing student engagement.

  • 1 - Hierarchy and the Hunt for Prey: Early Human Ownership

  • from Part I - Masters of Men and Beasts
  • James Q. Whitman, Yale University, Connecticut
  • Book:
    From Masters of Slaves to Lords of Lands
    Published online:
    28 November 2024
    Print publication:
    16 January 2025, pp 37-74

  • Summary

    This chapter explores the anthropology of early human property. Making use of the ethological distinction between territoriality and social dominance, it argues that norms of social dominance largely governed early human property orders as nthropologists reconstruct them. Rights in land, rather than taking the Blackstonian form familiar from modern legal orders, were “use rights,” granted out in line with the social hierarchical of society. An important form of “ownership” also attached to rights in prey taken in the hunt. The chapter closes by challenging the economistic accounts found in the well-known “tragedy of the commons” literature, as well as economistic theories intended to explain that some societies display the ownership of humans rather than the ownership of land.

Homotopy Theory of Enriched Mackey Functors
  • Closed Multicategories, Permutative Enrichments, and Algebraic Foundations for Spectral Mackey Functors
  • Niles Johnson, Donald Yau
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    06 February 2025
  • This work develops techniques and basic results concerning the homotopy theory of enriched diagrams and enriched Mackey functors. Presentation of a category of interest as a diagram category has become a standard and powerful technique in a range of applications. Diagrams that carry enriched structures provide deeper and more robust applications. With an eye to such applications, this work provides further development of both the categorical algebra of enriched diagrams, and the homotopy theoretic applications in K-theory spectra. The title refers to certain enriched presheaves, known as Mackey functors, whose homotopy theory classifies that of equivariant spectra. More generally, certain stable model categories are classified as modules - in the form of enriched presheaves - over categories of generating objects. This text contains complete definitions, detailed proofs, and all the background material needed to understand the topic. It will be indispensable for graduate students and researchers alike.
Spontaneous Intracranial Haemorrhage Caused by a Non-aneurysmal Brain Vascular Malformation

Spontaneous Intracranial Haemorrhage Caused by a Non-aneurysmal Brain Vascular Malformation
  • Sherif R. W. Kirollos, Ramez W. Kirollos
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    28 February 2025
  • Emergency management of intracranial haemorrhage due to AVMs, DAVFs, and cavernomas involves addressing both the haemorrhage consequences and the underlying vascular lesion. Clinical evaluation and diagnostic workup identify factors necessitating urgent intervention and define the vascular lesion. Urgent intervention may involve ICH management with increased ICP or CSF drainage for acute hydrocephalus. Definitive intervention for the vascular lesion may coincide with or follow evacuation of the intracranial haematoma. Careful considerations and precautions are taken independently or concurrently with the vascular lesion. Indications and timing for AVM intervention involve determining the bleeding source, evaluating mass effect, and assessing the utility of existing ICH for microsurgical AVM resection. Modified microsurgical techniques ensure safety. DAVF intervention with ICH or ASDH requires urgent endovascular treatment and surgical nuances. Cavernoma intervention follows straightforward indications and timing, while brainstem cavernomas require careful consideration of early intervention. Aftercare and a team approach are vital.

The Social Space of Sufi Shrines in Urban Pakistan
  • Amen Jaffer
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    28 February 2025

Unruly Monuments
  • Disrupting the State at Delhi's Islamic Architecture
  • Aditi Chandra
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • It examines how Delhi's Sultanate and Mughal architecture, dating from the twelfth to the seventeenth centuries, became modern monuments and were assimilated and ordered into public consciousness as spaces for tourism, leisure, and intellectual contemplation during the colonial and early postcolonial eras (1828–1963). It examines the resistance that challenges this ordering, rendering monuments unruly and unassimilable despite state efforts to control their narrative. This exposes the nation's contradictory claims of inclusivity while marginalizing subaltern groups. It guides readers through picturesque landscapes, museums, imperial displays, postcards, travel experiences, Partition refugee camps, and cinema. Analyzing these forms reveals how the archive of Indo-Islamic monuments was shaped through presences and absences. Each chapter examines everyday life, untangles knowable public transcripts, illuminates strategic excisions and hidden transcripts, juxtaposes evidence that has not yet been analyzed in conjunction, reads archival material against the grain, and finds archival layers in unfamiliar places.
Psycholinguistics and Phonology

Psycholinguistics and Phonology

Moshe Dayan
  • The Making of a Strategist
  • Eitan Shamir
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • In this major re-evaluation of Moshe Dayan's life and career, Eitan Shamir examines one of the most influential individuals in the history of modern Israel. As IDF Chief of Staff, theatre commander during the Sinai campaign and defence minister during the Six Days and Yom Kippur Wars, Dayan shaped Israeli history as well as the principles of Israel's security and foreign affairs. Eitan Shamir explores the basis and justification for Dayan's reputation as a strategist and what made his command and leadership unique. He reveals the ways in which Moshe Dayan led and planned his campaigns, how he made his decisions and his style as a general and a strategist. His findings shed important new light on broader issues of military command and culture, political-military relations, insurgency and counterinsurgency and the relations between small states and large powers, drawing lasting lessons for strategy today.
Philosophy of Physiology

Philosophy of Physiology
  • Maël Lemoine
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • Time is ripe to complement the question 'what is health and disease?' in philosophy of medicine with a 'philosophy of physiology.' Indeed, the actors in this debate share the conviction that a 'foundational' concept dictates to this scientific field what is to be considered healthy or pathological and leaves it to explore only facts and mechanisms. Rejecting this presupposition, philosophy of physiology accepts that biomedical sciences explore and redefine their own object: the healthy, the pathological. Indeed, various theories of disease and health, that philosophers have rarely studied, form the core of biomedical research, too hastily considered as a science 'without theories.' The Element identifies them, and clarifies their content, presuppositions, and scope. Finally, it proposes a new question about the unity of the pathological phenomenon: not 'what do all diseases have in common?' but rather, 'why is the susceptibility to disease a universal and necessary characteristic of living beings?'
The Metaphysics of Gender

The Metaphysics of Gender
  • E. Díaz León
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • What is the metaphysics of gender about? Metaphysics is the study of what there is and what it is like. On this conception, questions in the metaphysics of gender would be about the existence and nature of gender. That is, the metaphysics of gender would be about whether alleged gender categories such as being a man, a woman or an agender person are real features or kinds, and if so, what their nature is. In recent years, the metaphysics of gender has received a lot of attention and has shifted from being a rather marginal part of metaphysics to being a growing area of interest. Moreover, growing attention to the metaphysics of gender and the social domain have given rise to fruitful methodological questions about what metaphysics is about and what are the best methods to pursue metaphysical inquiries. This Element offers a survey of recent discussions of these questions.
Africa in Urban History

Africa in Urban History
  • Ambe J. Njoh
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • This Element in Global Urban History seeks to promote understanding of the urban history of Africa. It does so by undertaking four main tasks. Firstly, it employs race, ethnicity, class, and conflict theory as conceptual frameworks to analyze the spatial structures, social, and political-economic dynamics of African cities from global, comparative, and transnational perspectives. Secondly, it proposes a new typology of the continent's cities. Thirdly, it identifies and draws into focus an important but oft-ignored part of Africa's urban history, namely Indigenous cities. It focuses more intensely on the few that still exist to date. Fourthly, it employs conflict, functional, and symbolic interactionist theories as well as elements of the race ideology to explain the articulation of racism, ethnicity, and classism in the continent's urban space. This is done mainly but not exclusively from historical perspectives.

Social Behavioral Statistics
  • Roberto R. Heredia, Richard D. Hartley
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    28 November 2024
  • Focusing on practical application, this textbook provides clear and concise explanations of statistical tests and techniques that students can apply in real-world situations. It has a dual emphasis: firstly, on doing statistics, and secondly, on understanding statistics, to do away with the mindset that statistics is difficult. Procedural explanations are provided so students know how to apply particular statistical tests and techniques in practical research situations. Conceptual understanding is encouraged to ensure students know not only when and how to apply appropriate techniques, but also why they are using them. Ancillary resources are available including sample answers to exercises, PowerPoint teaching slides, instructor manual, and a test bank. Illustrative figures, real-world data, practice exercises, and software instruction make this an essential resource for mastering statistics for undergraduate and graduate students in the social and behavioral sciences.

International Trade
  • Menzie D. Chinn, Douglas A. Irwin
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    16 January 2025
  • Understanding the globalized world economy is more important than ever before. This book provides a clear, concise, and up-to-date look at the economic foundations of international trade. The authors explain the principal concepts in an engaging and accessible manner open to students from any discipline, incorporating contemporary trade data through full-colour diagrams and graphs. Throughout, economic models are discussed in the context of recent and current international trade issues, to ensure students gain a concrete understanding and see how the field impacts the real world. Written for upper undergraduate courses, the book includes feature boxes that marry theory and economics in practice to show models applied, a featured real-world application for every chapter, and over 100 end-of-chapter questions help students fully engage with and consolidate their learning. Online resources for instructors include a solutions manual, lecture slides and the book figures as JPEGs.

The Evolution of Jewish Monotheism
  • ‘God is One,’ From Antiquity to Modernity
  • David Michael Grossberg
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • In this book, David Michael Grossberg offers a fresh and illuminating perspective on the three-thousand-year history of Jewish monotheism by narrating the history of 'God is one' as a religious slogan from the ancient to the modern world. Although 'God is one' has been called Judaism's primary testimony of faith, its meaning has been obscure and contentious from its earliest emergence. From the Bible's acclamatory 'the Lord is one' to Philo of Alexandria's highest Word just secondary to God; from the Talmud's rejection of 'two powers in heaven' to the philosophers' First Existent who is one beyond unity; from the Kabbalists' ten-fold Godhead to Spinoza's one substance, this innovative history demonstrates the remarkable diversity encompassed by this deceptively simple Jewish statement of faith. Grossberg demonstrates how this diversity is unified in a continuous striving for knowledge of God that has been at the heart of Judaism from its earliest beginnings.
The City Beautiful and the Globalization of Urban Planning

The City Beautiful and the Globalization of Urban Planning
  • Ian Morley
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • During the past one hundred or so years, urbanists have composed grand narratives regarding the development of urban design and the international dissemination of planning models. Yet, building upon this historiography, whilst the transnational dimension of modern city planning has centred itself upon the diffusion of the British garden city, far less attention has been put upon the global reach of the American City Beautiful. Owing to the ethnocentricity of American planning history literature, thus, the chronicle of the City Beautiful has anchored itself, literally and figuratively, to the North American continent. Yet, in truth, grand American-inspired plans were implemented throughout the world; indeed, they were carried out long after the City Beautiful's popularity had waned in North America, and they were executed under a variety of cultural and political conditions.
Core Concepts in English for Specific Purposes

Core Concepts in English for Specific Purposes
  • Helen Basturkmen
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • This Element examines the foundational building blocks of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) teaching. The emergence of ESP teaching as a global movement has been driven by economic, social, and educational factors. Currently, examples of ESP teaching can be seen across a wide variety of learner groups and contexts. Underlying this variety, two core concepts unify the field – teaching addresses learners' work- or study-related language needs, and teaching targets specialized English. These mainstay concepts have come to assume a taken-for-granted status in the field, and recent discussion and analytical review of them has been limited. The Element scrutinizes the concepts, examines the ideas behind them, identifies potential issues in their application and attempts to forge new links.
Mathematical Notations

Mathematical Notations
  • Dirk Schlimm
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • This Element lays the foundation, introduces a framework, and sketches the program for a systematic study of mathematical notations. It is written for everyone who is curious about the world of symbols that surrounds us, in particular researchers and students in philosophy, history, cognitive science, and mathematics education. The main characteristics of mathematical notations are introduced and discussed in relation to the intended subject matter, the language in which the notations are verbalized, the cognitive resources needed for learning and understanding them, the tasks that they are used for, their material basis, and the historical context in which they are situated. Specific criteria for the design and assessment of notations are discussed, as well as ontological, epistemological, and methodological questions that arise from the study of mathematical notations and of their use in mathematical practice.
Explanation in Biology

Explanation in Biology
  • Lauren N. Ross
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • This Element examines philosophical accounts of scientific explanation, particularly those that apply to biology and the life sciences. Two main categories of scientific explanation are examined in detail –causal explanations and non-causal explanations. The first section of this Element provides a brief history and some basics on philosophical accounts of scientific explanation. Section 2 covers causal explanation, first by discussing foundational topics in the area, such as defining causation, causal selection, and reductive explanation. This is followed by an examination of distinct types of causal explanation, including those that appeal to mechanisms pathways, and cascades. The third section covers non-causal, mathematical explanations, which have received significant attention in philosophy of biology and the life sciences. Three main types of non-causal, mathematical explanation are discussed: topological and constraint-based explanation, optimality and efficiency explanations, and minimal model explanations. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Constructing Experience

Constructing Experience
  • Expectation and Attention in Perception
  • Jason Clarke
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • This Element examines the influence of expectation and attention on conscious perception. It explores the debate on whether attention is necessary for conscious perception by presenting empirical evidence from studies on inattentional blindness, change blindness, and the attentional blink. While the evidence strongly suggests that attention is necessary for conscious perception, other research has shown that expectation can shape perception, sometimes leading to illusory experiences where predicted stimuli are perceived despite their absence. This phenomenon, termed 'expectation awareness', suggests that attention may not be necessary for all conscious experiences. These findings are explored within the predictive processing framework, where the brain is characterized as a prediction engine, continuously updating its internal models to minimize prediction errors. Integrating findings from psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science, this Element provides a predictive processing model of how attention and expectation construct perceptual reality. It also discusses clinical and theoretical implications and suggests future research.
Bayesian Models of the Mind

Bayesian Models of the Mind
  • Michael Rescorla
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    January 2025
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • Bayesian decision theory is a mathematical framework that models reasoning and decision-making under uncertain conditions. The Bayesian paradigm originated as a theory of how people should operate, not a theory of how they actually operate. Nevertheless, cognitive scientists increasingly use it to describe the actual workings of the human mind. Over the past few decades, cognitive science has produced impressive Bayesian models of mental activity. The models postulate that certain mental processes conform, or approximately conform, to Bayesian norms. Bayesian models offered within cognitive science have illuminated numerous mental phenomena, such as perception, motor control, and navigation. This Element provides a self-contained introduction to the foundations of Bayesian cognitive science. It then explores what we can learn about the mind from Bayesian models offered by cognitive scientists.

Page 59 of 166392