Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T16:24:20.619Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Stale-Seedbed as a Weed Management Alternative for Machine-Harvested Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Sheryl K. Lonsbary ,
John O'Sullivan  and
Clarence J. Swanton
Sheryl K. Lonsbary
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Simcoe, Ontario, Canada N3Y 4N5
John O'Sullivan*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Simcoe, Ontario, Canada N3Y 4N5
Clarence J. Swanton
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: josulliv@uoguelph.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The objective of this 2-yr study was to determine the optimal length of time between stale-seedbed preparation and planting that maximized weed control along with growth, development, and yield of cucumbers, compared with conventional seedbeds. Stale-seedbeds were prepared 40, 30, 20, and 10 d before planting (DBP), with an additional treatment of 40-DBP seedbed that received an application of glyphosate at 0.9 kg ae/ha, 20 DBP (40 and 20 DBP). The control (0 DBP) was prepared at planting. Glyphosate plus glufosinate ammonium at 1.26 and 0.042 kg ae/ha were applied after cucumber seeding to kill any emerged weeds. The experiment was a split-plot design in which one half of the main plots were treated with a preemergence application of clomazone at 0.42 kg ai/ha after cucumber seeding. Management of the stale-seedbed influenced the level of weed control and final crop yield. Generally, the 40-DBP seedbed had the highest weed biomass at planting and the lowest at harvest. Cucumber density, leaf number, and vine length were reduced in this treatment, and flowering was delayed because of the high weed biomass present during seedling emergence. All stale-seedbeds, with the exception of the 40-DBP stale-seedbed, had greater yields compared with the control (0 DBP) seedbed. The optimal timing of stale-seedbed preparation was 20 to 30 DBP. Seedbed preparation could be expanded to 40 DBP; however, an application of glyphosate at 20 DBP would be required to optimize yield. The stale-seedbed in combination with herbicides was a superior integrated weed management tool compared with conventional weed management practices.

Keywords

Clomazoneglufosinate ammoniumglyphosatecucumber, Cucumis sativusConservation tillageweed biomassweed densitySecale cereale LDBP, days before planting
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 724 - 730
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Al-Khaatib, K., Kadir, S., and Libbey, C. 1995. Broadleaf weed control with clomazone in pickling cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Weed Technol. 9:166–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anonymous. 2000a. Guide to weed control 2000. Publication No. 75. Toronto, Canada: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs. Pp. 74–75.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 2000b. Vegetable production recommendations 2000–2001. Publication No. 363. Toronto, Canada: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs. Pp. 74–79.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 2000c. Ontario Processing Vegetable Growers Newsletter. No. 1. Web page: http://www.opvg.org/News%201%20-%202000.htm.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 2001. Ontario Processing Vegetable Growers Newsletter. No. 2. Web page: http://www.opvg.org/News%202%20-%202001.htm.Google Scholar
Bowley, S. R. 1999. A Hitchhiker's Guide to Statistics in Plant Biology. Guelph, Canada: Plants et al. P. 98.Google Scholar
Bruff, S. A. and Shaw, D. R. 1992a. Tank-mix combinations for weed control in stale seedbed soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 6:45–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruff, S. A. and Shaw, D. R. 1992b. Early season herbicide applications for weed control in stale seedbed soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 6:36–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friesen, G. H. 1978. Weed interference in pickling cucumbers (Cucumis sativus). Weed Sci. 26:626–628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glaze, N. C. 1975. Weed control in cucumber and watermelon. J. Amer. Soc. Sci 100:207–209.Google Scholar
Heatherly, L. G., Wesley, R. A., Elmore, C. D., and Spurlock, S. R. 1993. Net returns from stale seedbed plantings of soybean (Glycine max) on clay soil. Weed Technol. 7:972–980.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hydrick, D. E. and Shaw, D. R. 1995. Non-selective and selective herbicide combinations in stale seedbed (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 9:158–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, W. C. III and Mullinix, B. G. Jr. 1995. Weed management in peanut using stale seedbed techniques. Weed Sci. 43:293–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, W. C. III and Mullinix, B. G. Jr. 1998. Stale seedbed weed control in cucumber. Weed Sci. 46:698–702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanie, A. J., Griffin, J. L., Vidrine, P. R., and Reynolds, D. B. 1994. Weed control with non-selective herbicides in soybean (Glycine max) stale seedbed culture. Weed Technol. 8:159–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monks, D. W. 1992. Weed control and competition. in Cucurbit conference Program and Abstracts. Raleigh, NC: Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University. p. 34.Google Scholar
Noll, C. J. 1978. Chemical weeding of cucumber in a stale seedbed. Proc. North East Weed Sci. Soc 32:230–232.Google Scholar
O'Sullivan, J. and Bouw, W. J. 1993. Weed control in vine crops. Proc. Ontario Hort. Crops conf. Pp. 137–140.Google Scholar
O'Sullivan, J. and Bouw, W. J. 1997. Effect of timing and adjuvants on the efficacy of reduced herbicide rates for sweet corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 11:720–724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Sullivan, J. and Colwell, H. T. M. 1980. Effect of harvest date on yield and grade distribution relationships for pickling cucumbers harvested once-over. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci 105:408–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Staub, J. E., Knerr, L. D., and Hopen, H. J. 1992. Plant density and herbicides affect cucumber productivity. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci 117:48–53.Google Scholar