Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-18T17:21:53.041Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Palmer Amaranth and Large Crabgrass Growth with Plasticulture-Grown Bell Pepper

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jason K. Norsworthy ,
Marcos J. Oliveira ,
Prashant Jha ,
Mayank Malik ,
Juliana K. Buckelew ,
Katherine M. Jennings  and
David W. Monks
Jason K. Norsworthy*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Marcos J. Oliveira
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Soils, and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, 277 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson, SC 29634-0315
Prashant Jha
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Soils, and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, 277 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson, SC 29634-0315
Mayank Malik
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Soils, and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, 277 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson, SC 29634-0315
Juliana K. Buckelew
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 160 Kilgore Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609
Katherine M. Jennings
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 160 Kilgore Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609
David W. Monks
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 160 Kilgore Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jnorswor@uark.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in 2004 and 2005 at Clemson, SC, and in 2004 at Clinton, NC, to quantify Palmer amaranth and large crabgrass growth and interference with plasticulture-grown bell pepper over multiple environments and develop models which can be used on a regional basis to effectively time removal of these weeds. Experiments at both locations consisted of an early and a late spring planting, with the crop and weeds planted alone and in combination. Daily maximum and minimum air temperatures were used to calculate growing degree days (GDD, base 10 C) accumulated following bell pepper transplanting and weed emergence. Linear and nonlinear empirical models were used to describe ht, canopy width, and biomass production as a function of accumulated GDD. Palmer amaranth reduced bell pepper fruit set as early as 6 wk after transplanting (WATP) (648 GDD), whereas large crabgrass did not significantly reduce fruit set until 8 WATP (864 GDD). Using the developed models and assuming Palmer amaranth and large crabgrass emergence on the day of bell pepper transplanting, Palmer amaranth was predicted to be the same ht as bell pepper at 287 GDD (20 cm tall) and large crabgrass the same ht as bell pepper at 580 GDD (34 cm tall).

Keywords

Large crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. DIGSA, Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPA, bell pepper, Capsicum annuum L. ‘Heritage’Growing degree daysgrowth rateminor use cropweed interference
Type
Weed Biology and Competition
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , June 2008 , pp. 296 - 302
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ball, D. A., Klepper, B., and Rydrych, D. J. 1995. Comparative above-ground development rates for several annual grass weeds and cereal grains. Weed Sci. 43:410–416.Google Scholar
Ball, R. A., Purcell, L. C., and Vories, E. D. 2000. Optimizing soybean plant population for a short-season production system in the southern USA. Crop Sci. 40:757–764.Google Scholar
Bond, J. A. and Oliver, L. R. 2006. Comparative growth of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) accessions. Weed Sci. 54:121–126.Google Scholar
Bond, J. A., Oliver, L. R., and Stephenson, D. O. IV. 2006. Response of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) accessions to glyphosate, fomesafen, and pyrithiobac. Weed Technol. 20:885–892.Google Scholar
Brown, J. E., Goff, W. D., Hogue, W., West, M. S., Stevens, C., Khan, V. A., Early, B. C., and Barsher, L. S. 1991. Effects of plastic mulch on yield and earliness of tomato. Proc. Natl. Agr. Plastics Conf. 23:21–28.Google Scholar
Conley, S. P., Binning, L. K., Boerboom, C. M., and Stoltenberg, D. E. 2003. Parameters for predicting giant foxtail cohort effect on soybean yield loss. Agron. J. 95:1226–1232.Google Scholar
[EPA] U. S. Environmental Protection Agency 2006. The accelerated phaseout of class I ozone-depleting substances. http://www.epa.gov/spdpublc/title6/phaseout/accfact.html. Accessed: February 20, 2007.Google Scholar
Fu, R. and Ashley, R. A. 2006. Interference of large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), and hairy galinsoga (Galinsoga ciliata) with bell pepper. Weed Sci. 54:364–372.Google Scholar
Garvey, P. V. 1999. Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) interference in plasticulture tomato. Raleigh, NC North Carolina State University. Ph.D. dissertation. 101.Google Scholar
Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. 1984. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. New York J. Wiley. 328–332.Google Scholar
Gossett, B. J., Murdock, E. C., and Toler, J. E. 1992. Resistance of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) to the dinitroaniline herbicides. Weed Technol. 6:587–591.Google Scholar
Horak, M. J. and Loughin, T. M. 2000. Growth analysis of four Amaranthus species. Weed Sci. 48:347–355.Google Scholar
Konsler, T. R. and Gardner, R. G. 1990. Commercial production of staked tomatoes in North Carolina. Raleigh, NC Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina State University. Pub. AG-405.Google Scholar
Lanini, W. T. and Le Strange, M. 1994. Weed control economics in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) with napropamide and hand weeding. Weed Technol. 8:530–535.Google Scholar
McLachlan, S. M., Tollenaar, M., Swanton, C. J., and Weise, S. F. 1993. Effect of corn-induced shading on dry matter accumulation, distribution, and architecture of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Sci. 41:568–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monks, D. W. and Oliver, L. R. 1988. Interactions between soybean (Glycine max) cultivars and selected weeds. Weed Sci. 36:770–774.Google Scholar
Morales-Payan, J. P., Santos, B. M., Stall, W. M., and Bewick, T. A. 1997. Effects of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) on tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) vegetative growth and fruit yield. Weed Technol. 11:672–676.Google Scholar
Motis, T. N., Locascio, S. J., Gilreath, J. P., and Stall, W. M. 2003. Season-long interference of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) with polyethylene-mulched bell pepper (Capsicum annuum). Weed Technol. 17:543–549.Google Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K., Bangarwa, S. K., Malik, M., and Jha, P. 2007. Population dynamics of purple nutsedge in an organic production system. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 60:238.Google Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K. and Meehan, J. T. IV. 2005. Wild radish–amended soil effects on yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) interference with tomato and bell pepper. Weed Sci. 53:77–83.Google Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K. and Oliveira, M. J. 2004. Comparison of the critical period for weed control in wide- and narrow-row corn. Weed Sci. 52:802–807.Google Scholar
Pike, D. R., Stoller, E. W., and Wax, L. M. 1990. Modeling soybean growth and canopy apportionment in weed-soybean (Glycine max) competition. Weed Sci. 38:522–527.Google Scholar
Sanders, D. C., editor. 2004. 2004–2005 Commercial Vegetable Recommendations for the Southeastern U.S. Raleigh, NC North Carolina Vegetable Growers Association. 215.Google Scholar
Sellers, B. A., Smeda, R. J., Johnson, W. G., Kendig, J. A., and Ellersieck, M. R. 2003. Comparative growth of six Amaranthus species in Missouri. Weed Sci. 51:329–333.Google Scholar
Stall, W. M. and Morales-Payan, J. P. 2003. The Critical Period of Nutsedge Interference in Tomato. http://www.imok.ufl.edu/liv/groups/IPM/weed_con/nutsedge.htm. Accessed: February 20, 2007.Google Scholar
[USDA] U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service 2006. U.S. Bell Peppers: Value of Production by State, 1960–2006. http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu. Accessed: February 20, 2007.Google Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2002. Weed survey–southern states: vegetable, fruit, and nut crops subsection. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 55:237–258.Google Scholar
Wien, H. C. and Minotti, P. L. 1987. Growth, yield, and uptake of transplanted fresh-market tomato as affected by plastic mulch and initial nitrogen rate. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 112:759–763.Google Scholar
Williams, M. M. III and Boydston, R. A. 2006. Volunteer potato interference in carrot. Weed Sci. 54:94–99.Google Scholar