Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-c9gpj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-10T21:39:01.344Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Impact of Irrigation and Hail on Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) in Corn

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Randall S. Currie  and
Norman L. Klocke
Randall S. Currie*
Affiliation:
Kansas State University Southwest Research-Extension Center, 4500 East Mary Street, Garden City, KS 67846
Norman L. Klocke
Affiliation:
Kansas State University Southwest Research-Extension Center, 4500 East Mary Street, Garden City, KS 67846
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rscurrie@ksu.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In 2005 a hailstorm struck a long-term dose–response study of irrigation requirements and corn plant populations. This misfortune occurred again in 2006 at approximately the same growth stage. Therefore, the objectives of the studies were redirected to measure the impact of actual hail events on corn leaf area index (LAI) and the competitive interaction of escaped Palmer amaranth populations induced by hail across different levels of irrigation and corn populations. In 2005, the study treatment with the lowest corn population and level of irrigation had twice the Palmer amaranth biomass (PABM) at corn harvest compared with the highest corn population and irrigation level. Corn LAI produced simple linear models that predicted both corn grain yield and PABM. In 2007, the nonhail year, PABM was depressed 4- to 15-fold compared with hail years. PABM declined linearly from 417 kg/ha at the lowest level of irrigation and corn population to 48 kg/ha at the highest level of irrigation and corn plant population. Although economic return per increment of irrigation declined in both hail years, the trends in economic returns were still positive. This suggests that a producer with similar conditions should continue to irrigate even though his or her rate of economic return is reduced.

Keywords

Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPAcorn, Zea mays L.Integrated weed managementleaf area index (LAI)hail
Type
Weed Management — Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 22 , Issue 3 , September 2008 , pp. 448 - 452
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Adcock, T. E. and Banks, P. A. 1991. Effects of preemergence herbicides on the competitiveness of selected weeds. Weed Sci. 39:54–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barker, D. C., Knezevic, S. Z., Martin, A. R., Walters, D. T., and Lindquist, J. L. 2006. Effect of nitrogen addition on the comparative productivity of corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Sci. 54:354–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Changnon, S. A. 1977. The scales of hail. J. Appl. Meteorol. 16:626–648.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Currie, R. S. 2004. The impact of a single residue incorporation on seed soil bank of Palmer amaranth under six crop management histories after 2 years of weed free no-tillage. Proc. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 44:76.Google Scholar
Currie, R. S. and Klocke, N. L. 2005. Impact of a terminated wheat cover crop in irrigated corn on atrazine rates and water use efficiency. Weed Sci. 53:709–716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dieleman, A., Hamill, A. S., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1995. Empirical models of pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) interference in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 43:612–618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanway, J. J. 1969. Defoliation effects on different corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids as influenced by plant population and stage of development. Agron. J. 61:534–538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hicks, D. R., Nelson, W. W., and Ford, J. H. 1977. Defoliation effects on corn hybrids adapted to the northern corn belt. Agron. J. 69:387–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knake, E. L. and Slife, F. W. 1965. Giant foxtail seeded at various times in corn and soybeans. Weeds. 13:331–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Weise, S. F., and Swanton, C. J. 1994. Interference of redroot pigweed in corn. Weed Sci. 42:568–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamm, F. R. and Trooien, T. P. 2001. Irrigation capacity and plant population effects on corn production using SDI. in Proceedings of the Irrigation Association International Irrigation Technical conference. Vol. 22. 73–80.Google Scholar
Lauer, J. G., Roth, G. W., and Bertram, M. G. 2004. Impact of defoliation on corn forage yield. Agron. J. 96:1459–1463.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liphadzi, K. B. and Dille, J. A. 2006. Annual weed competitiveness as affected by preemergence herbicide in corn. Weed Sci. 54:156–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massinga, R. A., Currie, R. S., Horak, M. J., and Boyer, J. 2001. Interference of Palmer amaranth in corn. Weed Sci. 49:202–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massinga, R. A., Currie, R. S., and Trooien, T. P. 2003. Water use and light interception under Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and corn competition. Weed Sci. 51:523–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parrish, J. A. D. and Bazzaz, F. A. 1982. Response of plants from three successional communities to a nutrient gradient. J. Ecol. 70:233–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmenk, R. and Kells, J. J. 1998. Effect of soil-applied atrazine and pendimethalin on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) competitiveness in corn. Weed Technol. 12:47–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shapiro, C. A., Peterson, T. A., and Flowerday, A. D. 1986. Yield loss due to simulated hail damage on corn: A comparison of actual and predicted values. Agron. J. 78:585–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weaver, S. E. 1991. Size-dependent economic thresholds for three broadleaf weed species in soybeans. Weed Technol. 5:674–679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar