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Fomesafen Programs for Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Sweetpotato

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Susan L. Barkley ,
Sushila Chaudhari ,
Katherine M. Jennings ,
Jonathan R. Schultheis ,
Stephen L. Meyers  and
David W. Monks
Susan L. Barkley
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Sushila Chaudhari*
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Katherine M. Jennings
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Jonathan R. Schultheis
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Stephen L. Meyers
Affiliation:
North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Pontotoc, MS 38863
David W. Monks
Affiliation:
North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: schaudh@ncsu.edu.
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Abstract

Studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of fomesafen based Palmer amaranth control program in ‘Covington' and ‘Evangeline' sweetpotato cultivars. Treatments consisted of fomesafen pretransplant alone at 0.20, 0.28, 0.36, 0.42, 0.56, and 0.84 kg ai ha−1 or followed by (fb) S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ai ha−1 0 to 7 d after transplanting (DAP), fomesafen at 0.28 kg ha−1 fb S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−114 DAP, flumioxazin pretransplant at 0.105 kg ai ha−1, S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−1 0 to 7 DAP, clomazone at 0.63 kg ha−1 0 to 7 DAP, napropamide at 2.24 kg ha−1 0 to7 DAP, flumioxazin fb S-metolachlor 0 to 7 DAP, and flumioxazin fb clomazone fb S-metolachlor 14 DAP. Fomesafen pretransplant at 0.28 to 0.84 kg ha−1 alone or followed by S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−1 0 to 7 DAP provided 80 to 100% Palmer amaranth control without reduction of yield and significant (< 13%) injury in Covington and Evangeline sweetpotato. Flumioxazin alone or fb S-metolachlor and flumioxazin fb clomazone fb S-metolachlor provided Palmer amaranth control (≥ 95%) with little injury (≤ 5%) and similar yield to the weed-free check. Clomazone alone did not cause injury, but controlled only 24 to 32% of Palmer amaranth at 50 DAP, which resulted in reduced no. 1, marketable, and total sweetpotato yield. Napropamide provided inconsistent control of Palmer amaranth in both years; therefore jumbo and total sweetpotato yield was reduced as compared to the weed-free check in 2012. Palmer amaranth control, sweetpotato cultivar tolerance, and yield in treatments with fomesafen fb S-metolachlor were similar to flumioxazin fb S-metolachlor. In conclusion, a herbicide program consisting of pretransplant fomesafen (0.28 to 0.42 kg ha−1) fb S-metolachlor (1.12 kg ha−1) is a potential option to control Palmer amaranth without causing significant injury and yield reduction in sweetpotato.

En 2012 y 2013, se realizaron estudios para determinar el efecto de programas de control de Amaranthus palmeri basados en el uso de fomesafen sobre los cultivares de batata ‘Covington’ y ‘Evangeline’. Los tratamientos consistieron de fomesafen solo en pre-trasplante a 0.20, 0.28, 0.36, 0.42, 0.56, y 0.84 kg ai ha−1 o seguido por (fb) S-metolachlor a 1.12 kg ai ha−1 0 a 7 d después del trasplante (DAP), fomesafen a 0.28 kg ha−1 fb S-metolachlor a 1.12 kg ha−1 14 DAP, flumioxazin en pre-trasplante a 0.105 kg ai ha−1, S-metolachlor a 1.12 kg ha−1 0 a 7 DAP, clomazone a 0.63 kg ha−1 0 a 7 DAP, napropamide a 2.24 kg ha−1 0 a 7 DAP, flumioxazin fb S-metolachlor 0 a 7 DAP, y flumioxazin fb clomazone fb S-metolachlor 14 DAP. Fomesafen solo en pre-trasplante de 0.28 a 0.84 kg ha−1 o seguido por S-metolachlor a 1.12 kg ha−1 0 a 7 DAP brindó 80 a 100% de control de A. palmeri sin reducir el rendimiento ni causar daño significativo (<13%) en batata Covington y Evangeline. Flumioxazin solo o fb S-metolachlor y flumioxazin fb clomazone fb S-metolachlor controlaron A. palmeri (≥95%), causaron poco daño (≤5%), y el rendimiento fue similar al testigo libre de malezas. Clomazone solo no causó daño, pero el control de A. palmeri fue sólo 24 a 32% a 50 DAP, lo que resultó en un rendimiento reducido de batata no. 1, comercializable, y total. Napropamide brindó un control inconsistente de A. palmeri en ambos año, por lo que el rendimiento de la batata jumbo y total fue reducido al compararse con el testigo libre de malezas en 2012. El control de A. palmeri, la tolerancia de los cultivares de batata, y el rendimiento en tratamientos con fomesafen fb S-metolachlor fueron similares a flumioxazin fb S-metolachlor. En conclusión, un programa de herbicidas que consista de fomesafen en pre-trasplante (0.28 a 0.42 kg ha−1) fb S-metolachlor (1.12 kg ha) es una opción potencial para el control de A. palmeri sin causar daño significativo ni reducciones en el rendimiento de la batata.

Keywords

ClomazoneflumioxazinfomesafenS-metolachlornapropamidePalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. ‘Covington’, ‘Evangeline’Application ratecrop toleranceherbicideweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 506 - 515
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: Postdoctoral Research Scholar, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695

Associate Editor for this paper: W. Carroll Johnson, III, USDA–ARS.

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