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Evaluation of Postemergence-Directed Herbicides for Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Control in Fresh-Market Tomato

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2018

Nathan S. Boyd  and
Peter Dittmar
Nathan S. Boyd*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Balm, FL, USA
Peter Dittmar
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Nathan S. Boyd, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Balm, FL, 33598. (E-mail: nsboyd@ufl.edu)
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Abstract

Purple nutsedge is difficult to control in vegetable plasticulture due to its ability to penetrate the plastic mulch. Experiments were conducted in Spring 2011 and 2012 at the Plant Science Research and Education Center in Citra, Florida, and in Spring and Fall 2013 at the Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Balm, Florida. The objective was to determine tomato (cv. Amelia, Charger, and Florida 47) tolerance and purple nutsedge response to herbicides and herbicide tank-mixes applied POST-directed to base of tomato. Chlorimuron-ethyl, flazasulfuron, fomesafen, halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, rimsulfuron, nicosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST-directed to the base of the crop did not cause crop damage. Halosulfuron or tank-mixes that contained halosulfuron tended to provide the greatest nutsedge suppression in all experiments. Halosulfuron or nicosulfuron+rimsulfuron applications when tomato (cv. Charger) were flowering reduced marketable yields by 22-28% compared to the nontreated control. No yield reductions occurred with Florida 47 or Amelia cultivars. Flazasulfuron provided similar purple nutsedge suppression to halosulfuron and did not damage tomato. Tank-mixes that contained halosulfuron tended not to provide any added benefit over halosulfuron alone. This research identified herbicides that are safe for use as a POST-directed application in tomato. Additional research is needed to evaluate efficacy of these herbicides on broadleaf weeds.

Keywords

Steve Fennimore, University of California, DavisChlorimuronflazasulfuronfomesafenhalosulfuronimazosulfuronnicosulfuronrimsulfurontrifloxysulfuronpurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L.tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L.Herbicideplasticulturesulfonylureasvegetables
Type
Weed Management-Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , June 2018 , pp. 260 - 266
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

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