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Cross-resistance to diquat in glyphosate/paraquat-resistant hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) and horseweed (Conyza canadensis) and confirmation of 2,4-D resistance in Conyza bonariensis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2021

Marcelo L. Moretti Open the ORCID record for Marcelo L. Moretti [Opens in a new window] ,
Lucas K. Bobadilla Open the ORCID record for Lucas K. Bobadilla [Opens in a new window]  and
Bradley D. Hanson Open the ORCID record for Bradley D. Hanson [Opens in a new window]
Marcelo L. Moretti*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, Corvallis, OR, USA
Lucas K. Bobadilla
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Crop Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
Bradley D. Hanson
Affiliation:
UCCE Weed Science Specialist, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Marcelo L Moretti, Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2750 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR97331. Email: marcelo.moretti@oregonstate.edu
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Abstract

Hairy fleabane and horseweed are pervasive weed species in agriculture. Glyphosate-resistant (GR) and glyphosate/paraquat–resistant (GPR) biotypes challenge current management strategies. These GR and GPR biotypes have non–target site resistance, which can confer resistance to herbicides with different sites of action (SOAs). This study’s objective was to characterize the response of GR, GPR, and glyphosate/paraquat–susceptible (GPS) biotypes of both weed species to herbicides with a different SOA. Whole-plant dose–response bioassays indicated a similar response among tested biotypes of both weed species to rimsulfuron, dicamba, hexazinone, glufosinate, flumioxazin, saflufenacil, or mesotrione. The hairy fleabane GR and GPR biotypes were 2.7- and 2.9-fold resistant to 2,4-D relative to the GPS biotype (GR50 766.7 g ai ha–1), confirming 2,4-D resistance in hairy fleabane for the first time in California. The GR and GPR biotypes were not cross-resistant to dicamba. No differences in response to 2,4-D were observed among horseweed biotypes with a GR50 ranging from 150.2 to 277.4 g ai ha–1. The GPR biotypes of both species were cross-resistant to diquat, with a 44.0-fold resistance in hairy fleabane (GR50 863.7 g ai ha–1) and 15.6-fold resistance in horseweed (GR50 563.1 g ai ha–1). The confirmation of multiple resistances to glyphosate, paraquat, and 2,4-D in hairy fleabane curtails herbicide SOA alternatives and jeopardizes resistance management strategies based on herbicide rotation and tank mixtures, underscoring the critical need for nonchemical weed control alternatives.

Keywords

24-Ddicambadiquatflumioxazinglufosinatehexazinonemesotrionerimsulfuronsaflufenacilhairy fleabaneConyza bonariensis (L.) CronqERIBOhorseweedConyza canadensis (L.) CronqERICAMultiple resistancecross resistanceresistance management
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 35 , Issue 4 , August 2021 , pp. 554 - 559
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: R. Joseph Wuerffel, Syngenta

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