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Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Tolerance to Imazosulfuron and Thifensulfuron-Methyl

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ryan A. Pekarek ,
David W. Monks ,
Katherine M. Jennings  and
Greg D. Hoyt
Ryan A. Pekarek
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
David W. Monks*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Katherine M. Jennings
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Greg D. Hoyt
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Drive, Mills River, NC 28732
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: david_monks@ncsu.edu
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Abstract

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to evaluate bell pepper tolerance to the sulfonylurea herbicides imazosulfuron and thifensulfuron-methyl. Imazosulfuron was applied at 56, 112, 224, 336, or 448 g ai ha−1. Thifensulfuron-methyl was applied at 2.6, 5.3, 10.5, 21.0, or 31.6 g ai ha−1. In the greenhouse over 2 yr, bell pepper injury due to imazosulfuron POST ranged from 12 to 27%. Reductions in plant height and numbers of nodes, buds, flowers, and fruits were generally minor or not observed. Injury from thifensulfuron-methyl POST ranged from 40 to 60% in the greenhouse. Similar trends were observed for leaf chlorosis and distortion. Thifensulfuron-methyl tended to decrease numbers of buds, flowers, and fruits in the greenhouse. In the field at three sites, bell pepper injury due to imazosulfuron applied POST-directed (POST-DIR) was less than 10% at all rating times, and height and yield were not affected. Total and marketable yield averaged 40,300 and 35,810 kg ha−1, respectively, across environments and years. Bell pepper injury from thifensulfuron-methyl applied POST-DIR in the field was less than 20% with all rates and less than 10% when rates less than 10.6 g ai ha−1 thifensulfuron-methyl were applied. Bell pepper stand (plants ha−1) or height was not affected by thifensulfuron-methyl. Thifensulfuron-methyl did not affect total bell pepper yield (39,310 kg ha−1 averaged across environments); however, reductions in Fancy grade yield were observed. No. 1 and cull yield grades tended to increase with increasing thifensulfuron-methyl rate, apparently compensating for lost Fancy yield.

Se realizaron estudios de invernadero y de campo para evaluar la tolerancia del pimentón a los herbicidas sulfonylurea imazosulfuron y thifensulfuron-methyl. Se aplicó imazosulfuron a 56, 112, 224, 336, ó 448 g ai ha−1. Thifensulfuron-methyl fue aplicado a 2.6, 5.3, 10.5, 21.0, ó 31.6 g ai ha−1. En el invernadero y durante 2 años, el daño en el pimentón causado por imazosulfuron POST varió de 12 a 27%. Las reducciones en altura de planta, número de nudos, yemas, flores, y frutos fue generalmente menor o no se observó del todo. El daño debido a thifensulfuron-methyl tendió a reducir el número de yemas, flores, y frutos en el invernadero. En el campo en tres localidades, el daño en el pimentón causado por imazosulfuron aplicado POST-dirigido (POST-DIR) fue menor a 10% en todos los momentos de evaluación, y ni la altura ni el rendimiento fueron afectados. El rendimiento total y comercializable promedió 40,300 y 35,810 kg ha−1, respectivamente, al promediarse ambientes y años. El daño del pimentón debido a thifensulfuron-methyl aplicado POST-DIR en campo, fue menos de 20% con cualquiera de las dosis y menor a 10% cuando las dosis aplicadas fueron inferiores a 10.6 g ai ha−1 de thifensulfuron-methyl. El establecimiento (plantas ha−1) o la altura del planta del pimentón no fueron afectados por thifensulfuron-methyl. Thifensulfuron-methyl no afectó el rendimiento total del pimentón (39,310 kg ha−1 promediado para los diferentes ambientes). Sin embargo, se observaron reducciones en el rendimiento del grado 'Fancy'. Los grados No. 1 y 'cull' tendieron a incrementar con la dosis de thifensulfuron-methyl, aparentemente compensando por las pérdidas de rendimiento 'Fancy'.

Keywords

Imazosulfuronthifensulfuron-methylbell pepperCapsicum annuum L. ‘Heritage'ALS inhibitor herbicidecrop toleranceherbicideintegrated weed managementsulfonylurea
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 741 - 746
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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