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Associative and Implicit Memory Performance as a Function of Cognitive Reserve in Elderly Adults with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2016

Salvador Algarabel ,
Alicia Sales ,
Alfonso Pitarque ,
Juan C. Meléndez ,
Joaquín Escudero  and
Teresa Mayordomo
Salvador Algarabel
Affiliation:
Universidad de Valencia (Spain)
Alicia Sales
Affiliation:
Universidad de Valencia (Spain)
Alfonso Pitarque*
Affiliation:
Universidad de Valencia (Spain)
Juan C. Meléndez
Affiliation:
Universidad de Valencia (Spain)
Joaquín Escudero
Affiliation:
Hospital General de Valencia (Spain)
Teresa Mayordomo
Affiliation:
Universidad de Valencia (Spain)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Alfonso Pitarque. Universidad de Valencia - Methodology-Psychology. Valencia (Spain). E-mail: pitarque@uv.es
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Abstract

This study aims to analyze implicit and explicit memory performance as a function of cognitive reserve (CR) in a healthy control group (N = 39) and a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group (N = 37). Both groups were subdivided into high and low cognitive reserve, and were asked to complete an explicit and implicit associative recognition tasks. The results showed that the control group was able to learn both tasks (η2 = .19, p < .0001), and the high CR group fared better (η2 = .06, p < .05). The MCI sample, conversely, was unable to learn the implicit relationship, and showed very little learning on the explicit association task. Participants diagnosed with MCI showed little plasticity in learning associations regardless of CR (η2 = .12, p < .01).

Keywords

cognitive reservemild cognitive impairmentassociative recognitionexplicit memoryimplicit memory
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 19 , 2016 , E4
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2016 

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