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Microsatellite marker analysis reveals the events of the introduction and spread of cultivated mulberry in the Indian subcontinent

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2013

R. Ramesh Krishnan ,
V. Girish Naik ,
S. R. Ramesh  and
S. M. H. Qadri
R. Ramesh Krishnan
Affiliation:
Molecular Biology Laboratory – 1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura, Manandavadi Road, Mysore570 008, India
V. Girish Naik*
Affiliation:
Molecular Biology Laboratory – 1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura, Manandavadi Road, Mysore570 008, India
S. R. Ramesh
Affiliation:
Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre, P.B. No. 44, Thally Road, Hosur635 109, India
S. M. H. Qadri
Affiliation:
Molecular Biology Laboratory – 1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura, Manandavadi Road, Mysore570 008, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: vgirishnaik@yahoo.com
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Abstract

The secret art of silk culture along with mulberry seeds is presumed to have spread from China to other parts of the world including India through the famous Silk Road. In this study, we investigated a set of 36 important mulberry genotypes (designated as ‘breeders’ collection’) of historical importance that have been frequently used in Indian crop improvement programmes over the last five decades. This study is the first to employ a large number of microsatellite markers (140 screened; 70 used for profiling) to elucidate the diversity, structure and breeding history of mulberry. The cluster and STRUCTURE analysis corroborated with the known genetic relationships and origin. The groupings by STRUCTURE (k= 4) confirm parallel breeding efforts undertaken in the eastern, southern and northern regions of the country. The cultivar ‘Mysore Local’ shares a common parent with ‘Berhampore Local’, and this supports the historical records of its introduction from eastern India to the Kingdom of Mysore by the erstwhile ruler Tippu Sultan. The popular variety ‘Kanva-2’ shared a common male parent with the Japanese variety ‘Kousen’, supporting the contribution of exotic progenitors in Indian cultivars. The findings of this study will be useful in formulating new strategies for mulberry improvement and reveals the historical events of the introduction and spread of cultivated mulberry in the Indian subcontinent.

Keywords

breeders' collectionbreeding historydiversity and structuremicrosatellite markermulberry
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , April 2014 , pp. 129 - 139
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2013 

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