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Nuclear transport in Entamoeba histolytica: knowledge gap and therapeutic potential

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2018

Marina A. Gwairgi  and
Reena Ghildyal Open the ORCID record for Reena Ghildyal [Opens in a new window]
Marina A. Gwairgi
Affiliation:
Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
Reena Ghildyal*
Affiliation:
Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Reena Ghildyal, E-mail: Reena.Ghildyal@canberra.edu.au
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Abstract

Entamoeba histolytica is the protozoan parasite that causes human amoebiasis. It is one of the leading parasitic disease burdens in tropical regions and developing countries, with spread to developed countries through migrants from and travellers to endemic regions.

Understanding E. histolytica’s invasion mechanisms requires an understanding of how it interacts with external cell components and how it engulfs and kills cells (phagocytosis). Recent research suggests that optimal phagocytosis requires signalling events from the cell surface to the nucleus via the cytoplasm, and the induction of several factors that are transported to the plasma membrane. Current research in other protozoans suggests the presence of proteins with nuclear localization signals, nuclear export signals and Ran proteins; however, there is limited literature on their functionality and their functional similarity to higher eukaryotes.

Based on learnings from the development of antivirals, nuclear transport elements in E. histolytica may present viable, specific, therapeutic targets.

In this review, we aim to summarize our limited knowledge of the eukaryotic nuclear transport mechanisms that are conserved and may function in E. histolytica.

Keywords

Actin-binding proteinscalcium-binding proteinsEntamoeba histolyticanuclear transport
Type
Review Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Issue 11 , September 2018 , pp. 1378 - 1387
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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