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Host specificity and basic ecology of Mammomonogamus (Nematoda, Syngamidae) from lowland gorillas and forest elephants in Central African Republic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2017

BARBORA ČERVENÁ ,
PETER VALLO ,
BARBORA PAFČO ,
KATEŘINA JIRKŮ ,
MILOSLAV JIRKŮ ,
KLÁRA JUDITA PETRŽELKOVÁ ,
ANGELIQUE TODD ,
ANDREA K. TURKALO  and
DAVID MODRÝ
BARBORA ČERVENÁ*
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
PETER VALLO
Affiliation:
Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89069, Ulm, Germany
BARBORA PAFČO
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
KATEŘINA JIRKŮ
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
MILOSLAV JIRKŮ
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
KLÁRA JUDITA PETRŽELKOVÁ
Affiliation:
Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Liberec Zoo, Lidové sady 425/1, 460 01 Liberec, Czech Republic
ANGELIQUE TODD
Affiliation:
WWF, Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas, BP 1053 Bangui, Central African Republic
ANDREA K. TURKALO
Affiliation:
The Wildlife Conservation Society, BP 1053 Bangui, Central African Republic
DAVID MODRÝ
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Central European Institute for Technology (CEITEC), University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Pathology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic. E-mail: bara.cervena@gmail.com
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Summary

Syngamid strongylids of the genus Mammomonogamus undoubtedly belong among the least known nematodes with apparent zoonotic potential and the real diversity of the genus remains hard to evaluate without extensive molecular data. Eggs of Mammomonogamus sp. are frequently found in feces of African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) and western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas. Using sedimentation-based coproscopic techniques, we found the eggs of Mammomonogamus in 19·7% elephant and 54·1% gorilla fecal samples with 8–55 and 1–24 eggs per gram of fecal sediment for elephants and gorillas, respectively. We used a combination of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and a partial sequence of 18S rDNA isolated from single eggs to test the hypothesis of possible Mammomonogamus conspecificity in gorillas and elephants. Whereas 18S rDNA sequences were identical in both gorillas and elephants, we distinguished seven different haplotypes within the cox1. Two haplotypes were found in both gorillas and elephants suggesting sharing of Mammomonogamus. Assignment of the parasite to M. loxodontis is proposed. Provided sequences represent the first genomic data on Mammomonogamus spp.

Keywords

18S rDNAcox1Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areashaplotypeinterspecies transmissionLoxodonta cyclotisGorilla gorilla gorilla
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 144 , Issue 8 , July 2017 , pp. 1016 - 1025
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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