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Cystic echinococcosis and other helminth infections of wild boar in northeastern and northwestern regions of Tunisia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 June 2019

Samia Lahmar Open the ORCID record for Samia Lahmar [Opens in a new window] ,
Paul R. Torgerson ,
Hana Mhemmed ,
Lamia Tizaoui ,
Néjib Mhadhbi ,
Abdelkader Bani ,
Hanan Driss ,
Nébiha Ghrissi ,
Manel Makhzoumi  and
Amel Ben Houidi
...Show all authors
Samia Lahmar*
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Paul R. Torgerson
Affiliation:
Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Hana Mhemmed
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Lamia Tizaoui
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Néjib Mhadhbi
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Abdelkader Bani
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Hanan Driss
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Nébiha Ghrissi
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Manel Makhzoumi
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Amel Ben Houidi
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Mokhtar Dhibi
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Yousra Said
Affiliation:
Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
Edoardo Pozio
Affiliation:
Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
Belgees Boufana
Affiliation:
National Wildlife Management Centre, National Reference Laboratory for Trichinella and Echinococcus, Animal and Plant Health Agency, York, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Samia Lahmar, E-mail: drlsamia@yahoo.fr
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Abstract

This study identified helminth species of wild boar (Sus scrofa) originating from northeastern and northwestern regions of Tunisia using 297 lungs, 297 livers, 264 intestinal tracts, 120 samples of muscle tissue (tongue, masseter, diaphragm, inter-costal) and 232 faecal samples derived from a total of 591 animals. Host gender was registered for the lung and liver wild boar group, which included 163 males and 134 females. All animals, excluding those used to retrieve muscular samples, were classified into three age classes, <2 (n = 212), 2–3 (n = 208) and ⩾4 years old (n = 141). Helminth fauna of the examined wild boar included 14 parasite species: one trematode (adult, Brachylaemus suis), three cestodes (metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena cysticercus, adult, Hymenolepis diminuta), nine nematodes (adults of Metastrongylus apri, Metastrongylus pudendotectus, Ascarops strongylina, Globocephalus urosubulatus, Physocephalus sexalatus, Gnathostoma hispidum, Gongylonema pulchrum and eggs of Strongyloides ransoni and Capillaria spp.) and one acanthocephalan (adult, Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus). Trichinella larvae were not recovered from any of the 30 wild boar examined. Results showed a 73.5% global prevalence of infection with visceral helminths, 67.3% of which were lung and hepatic infections and 80.3% of helminths were recovered from the gastrointestinal tract. The most prevalent parasite was M. hirudinaceus (61.7%) while the highest intensity of infection was observed for Metastrongylus spp. The most prevalent cestode was E. granulosus (18.9%). This is the first detailed study on helminth infections of wild boar from a North African country.

Keywords

EpidemiologyhelminthsnecropsySus scrofaTunisia
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 146 , Issue 10 , September 2019 , pp. 1263 - 1274
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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