Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-sv6ng Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-18T08:31:33.171Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Antigenic variation in cyclically transmitted Trypanosoma brucei. Variable antigen type composition of the first parasitaemia in mice bitten by trypanosome-infected Glossina morsitans

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

S. L. Hajduk  and
K. Vickerman
S. L. Hajduk
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ
K. Vickerman
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Tsetse flies were infected with 5 different variable antigen types (VATs) or with a mixture of VATs of the AnTAR 1 serodeme of Trypanosoma brucei. Metacyclic forms from the salivary glands of infected flies were used to initiate infections in mice. Immunofluorescence and trypanolysis reactions employing 24 monospecific antisera were used to analyse the VATs present in the mice following cyclical transmission. Regardless of the VAT used to infect tsetse flies, the first VATs detectable in the bloodstream were those previously identified as metacyclic VATs (M-VATs). These were present until at least 5 days after infection, at which time lytic antibodies against at least 2 of the M-VATs were detectable in the blood of infected mice. In mice immunosuppressed by X-irradiation the M-VATs were detectable in the bloodstream for longer periods, but the percentage of the population labelled with anti-metacyclic sera showed a decrease on day 5 as in non-irradiated animals. The VAT ingested by the tsetse was always detectable early during the first parasitaemia following cyclical transmission and was usually the first VAT detected after the M-VATs. Neutralization of selected M-VATs before infecting mice resulted in elimination of the neutralized M-VAT from the first parasitaemia but had no effect on the expression of other VATs in the early infection.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 83 , Issue 3 , December 1981 , pp. 609 - 621
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Barry, J. D. & Hajduk, S. L. (1979) Antigenic heterogeneity of bloodstream and metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei. In Pathogenicity of Trypanosomes (ed. Losos, G. and Chouinard, A.), pp. 51–56. Ottawa: IDRC.Google Scholar
Barry, J. D., Hajduk, S. L., Vickerman, K. & Le Ray, D. (1979). Detection of multiple variable antigen types in metacyclic populations of Trypanosoma brucei. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, 205–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Broom, J. C. & Brown, H. C. (1940). Studies in trypanosomiasis. IV. Notes on the serological characters of Trypanosoma brucei after cyclical development in Glossina morsitans. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 34, 53–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cross, G. A. M. (1975). Identification, purification and properties of clone-specific glycoprotein antigens constituting the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei. Parasitology 71, 393–417.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cunningham, M. P. (1966). The preservation of viable metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma rhodesiense and some studies on the antigenicity of the organisms. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 60, 126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, A. R. (1965). Antigenic variation in a strain of Trypanosoma brucei transmitted by Glossina morsitans and G. palpalis. Journal of General Microbiology 41, 195–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, A. R. (1975). A pattern in the development of agglutinogenic antigens of cyclically transmitted isolates of Trypanosoma gambiense. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 69, 131–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hajduk, S. L., Cameron, C. R., Barry, J. D. & Vickerman, K. (1981). Antigenic variation in cyclically-transmitted Trypanosoma brucei. Variable antigen type composition of metacyclic trypanosome populations from the salivary glands of Glossina morsitans. Parasitology, 83.Google Scholar
Herbert, W. J. & Lumsden, W. H. R. (1976). Trypanosoma brucei: A rapid ‘matching’ method for estimating the host's parasitaemia. Experimental Parasitology 40, 427–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoeijmakers, J. H. J., Borst, P., Van den Burg, J., Weissmann, C. & Cross, G. A. M.(1980 a). The isolation of plasmids containing DNA complementary to messenger RNA for variant surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei. Gene 8, 391–417.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoeijmakers, J. H. J., Frasch, A. C. C., Bernards, A., Borst, P. & Cross, G. A. M. (1980 b). Novel expression-linked copies of the genes for variant surface antigens in trypanosomes. Nature, London 284, 78–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hudson, K. M., Taylor, A. E. R. & Elce, B. J. (1980). Antigenic changes in Trypanosoma brucei on transmission by tsetse fly. Parasite Immunology 2, 57–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenni, L. (1977 a). Comparisons of antigenic types of Trypanosoma (T.) brucei strains transmitted by Glossina m. morsitans. Acta Tropica 34, 35–41.Google Scholar
Jenni, L. (1977 b). Antigenic variants in cyclically transmitted strains of the T. brucei complex. Annales de la Société belge de médecine tropicale 57, 383–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Jenni, L. (1979). Cyclical transmission and antigenic variation. In Pathogenicity of Trypanosomes, (ed. Losos, G. and Chouinard, A.), pp. 49–50. Ottawa: IDRC.Google Scholar
Lanham, S. M. (1968). Separation of trypanosomes from the blood of infected rats and mice by anion-exchangers. Nature, London 218, 1273–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Le Ray, D. (1975). Structures antigéniques de Trypanosoma brucei (Protozoa, Kinetoplastida). Annales de la Société belge de médecine tropicale 55, 131–311.Google Scholar
Le Ray, D., Barry, J. D., Easton, C. & Vickerman, K. (1977). First tsetse fly transmission of the “AnTat” serodeme of Trypanosoma brucei. Annales de la Société de médecine tropicale 57, 369–81.Google ScholarPubMed
Le Ray, D., Barry, J. D. & Vickerman, K. (1978). Antigenic heterogeneity of metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei. Nature, London 273, 300–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seed, J. R. (1978). Competition among serologically different clones of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in vivo. Journal of Protozoology 25, 526–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stanley, H. A., Honigberg, B. M. & Cunningham, I. (1979). Antigenic analysis by agglutination of Trypanosoma brucei brucei parasitemias initiated in mice with in vitro-produced metacyclics. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 58, 141–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Meirvenne, N., Janssens, P. G. & Magnus, E. (1975). Antigenic variation in syringe passaged populations of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei. I. Rationalization of the experimental approach. Annales de la Société belge de médecine tropicale 55, 1–23.Google ScholarPubMed
Vickerman, K. (1969). On the surface coat and flagellar adhesion in trypanosomes. Journal of Cell Science 5, 163–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vickerman, K. & Luckins, A. G. (1969). Localization of variable antigens in the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei using ferritin-conjugated antibody. Nature, London 224, 1125–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed