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Activation of hatching in diapaused and quiescent Globodera pallida

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 December 2012

JUAN E. PALOMARES-RIUS ,
JOHN T. JONES ,
PETER J. COCK ,
PABLO CASTILLO  and
VIVIAN C. BLOK
JUAN E. PALOMARES-RIUS*
Affiliation:
Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
JOHN T. JONES
Affiliation:
Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
PETER J. COCK
Affiliation:
Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
PABLO CASTILLO
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS-CSIC), Cordoba, 14080, Cordoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
VIVIAN C. BLOK
Affiliation:
Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK. E-mail: juapariu@hotmail.com
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Summary

The potato cyst nematodes (PCN) Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis are major pests of potatoes. The G. pallida (and G. rostochiensis) life cycle includes both diapause and quiescent stages. Nematodes in dormancy (diapause or quiescent) are adapted for long-term survival and are more resistant to nematicides. This study analysed the mechanisms underlying diapause and quiescence. The effects of several compounds (8Br-cGMP, oxotremorine and atropine) on the activation of hatching were studied. The measurements of some morphometric parameters in diapaused and quiescent eggs after exposure to PRD revealed differences in dorsal gland length, subventral gland length and dorsal gland nucleolus. In addition, the expression of 2 effectors (IVg9 and cellulase) was not induced in diapaused eggs in water or PRD, while expression was slightly induced in quiescent eggs. Finally, we performed a comparative study to identify orthologues of C. elegans diapause related genes in plant-parasitic nematodes (G. pallida, Meloidogyne incognita, M. hapla and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus). This analysis suggested that it was not possible to identify G. pallida orthologues of the majority of C. elegans genes involved in the control of dauer formation. All these data suggest that G. pallida may use different mechanisms to C. elegans in regulating the survival stage.

Keywords

hatchingcGMPmuscarinic pathwaypotato cyst nematodesroot diffusate
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 140 , Issue 4 , April 2013 , pp. 445 - 454
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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