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GLOBAL VS. GROUP-SPECIFIC BUSINESS CYCLES: THE IMPORTANCE OF DEFINING THE GROUPS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 March 2020

Tino Berger  and
Marcus Wortmann
Tino Berger*
Affiliation:
Georg-August-UniversityGöttingen
Marcus Wortmann
Affiliation:
Georg-August-UniversityGöttingen
*
Address correspondence to: Tino Berger, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Platz der Göttinger Sieben 3, Göttingen37073, Germany. e-mail: tino.berger@wiwi.uni-goettingen.de.
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Abstract

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The literature on international business cycles has employed dynamic factor models (DFMs) to disentangle global from group-specific and national factors in countries’ macroeconomic aggregates. Therefore, the countries have simply been classified ex ante as belonging to the same region or the same level of development. This paper estimates a DFM for a sample of 106 countries and three variables (output, consumption, investment) over the period 1960–2014, in which the countries are classified according to the outcome of a cluster analysis. By comparing the results with those obtained by the previous grouping approaches, we show substantial deviations in the importance of global and group-specific factors. Remarkably, when the groups are defined properly, the “global business cycle” accounts for only a very small fraction of macroeconomic fluctuations, most evidently in the industrialized world. The group-specific factors, on the other hand, play a much greater role for national business cycles than previously thought—also in the pre-globalization period.

Keywords

International Business CyclesGlobalizationRegionalizationDynamic Factor ModelsCluster Analysis
Type
Articles
Information
Macroeconomic Dynamics , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , January 2022 , pp. 49 - 71
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2020

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