Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-10-31T23:39:41.676Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Tomb S181 in Cyrene and its Doric false peristyle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2022

Luca Cherstich*
Affiliation:
Italian Archaeological Mission in Cyrene, Chieti University, Italy

Abstract

Situated on the westernmost corner of the Southern Necropolis, Tomb S181 is an important rock-cut monument, unlike any other thus far known in Cyrene. The presence of a Doric false peristyle running all around the chamber is unique in the context of the Cyrenean funerary culture, as it seems to elaborate and modify the model of the Internal Doric Frieze (seen in famous tombs of the near-by Western Necropolis) in a new, previously unpublished solution. Tomb S181 casts further light on the complicated relationship with the Alexandrian funerary world. This paper describes the tomb and considers it from multiple and different points of view: traditional art-historical comparisons are sought in order to cast light on the chronology but, on the other hand, the display strategies are also analyzed to reconstruct the importance of this monument for the Cyrenean monumental funerary tradition. Tomb S181 is certainly a hybrid entity, the product of a local culture accepting but also deeply modifying Alexandrian influences in terms of architecture and, possibly, also of funerary ritual behaviours. Tomb S181 clearly attests the vitality of rock-cut funerary architecture in Cyrene during the Hellenistic period.

Abstract arabic

Abstract Arabic

القبر S181 قورينا و رواقها الدوري الزائف

لوكا تشيرستيتش

يقع القبر S181 في الركن الغربي الاقصى من المقبرة الجنوبية ، وهو نصب تذكاري مهم منحوت في الصخور، مختلف عن أي نصب آخر معروف حتى الآن في قوريني . و يعد وجود رواق دوري زائف يطوق كل جوانب الغرفة أمراً فريداً في سياق الثقافة الجنائزية في سيرينايكا، حيث يبدو أنه يطور ويعدل بطريقة جديدة نموذج "الإفريز الدوري الداخلي " (و الذي يشاهد في المقابر الشهيرة للمقبرة الغربية المجاورة ). إن القبر S181 يلقي مزيداً من الضوء على العلاقة المعقدة مع العالم الجنائزي بالإسكندرية . تصف هذه الورقة المقبرة و تتناولها من وجهات نظر متعددة ومختلفة : حيث يتم البحث عن مقارنات تاريخية فنية تقليدية من أجل إلقاء الضوء على التسلسل الزمني ، و من ناحية أخرى تقوم ايضاً بتحليل استراتيجيات العرض من أجل إعادة بناء أهمية هذا النصب للتقليد الجنائزي التذكاري في سيرينايكا . إن القبر S181 هو بالتأكيد كيان هجين، نتاج ثقافة محلية أخذت و عدلت بشكل كبير تأثيرات من الاسكندرية من حيث العمارة، وربما أيضاً من حيث سلوكيات الطقوس الجنائزية . يشهد القبر S181 بوضوح على حيوية العمارة الجنائزية المنحوتة في الصخر في سيرينايكا خلال الفترة الهلنستية .

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © British Institute for Libyan and Northern African Studies

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bacchielli, L. 1976. Le pitture dalla tomba dell'Altalena di Cirene nel Museo del Louvre. Quaderni di Archeologia della Libia 8: 355–83.Google Scholar
Bacchielli, L. 1980. La tomba delle Cariatidi ed il decorativismo nell'architettura tardo-ellenistica di Cirene. Quaderni di Archeologia della Libia 11: 1134.Google Scholar
Bacchielli, L. 1981. L'Agorà di Cirene II,1. L'area settentrionale del lato ovest della platea inferiore. L'Erma di Bretschneider, Roma.Google Scholar
Bacchielli, L. 1993. Pittura funeraria antica in Cirenaica. Libyan Studies 24: 77116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bacchielli, L. 1996. La tomba di Thanatos nella Necropoli Sud di Cirene. Libya Antiqua N.S. II: 2730.Google Scholar
Cassels, J. 1955. The cemeteries of Cyrene. PBSR XXIII: 143.Google Scholar
Cherstich, L. 2002. Surveying the cemeteries of ancient Cyrene. Preliminaries to a topographic approach. In: Muskett, G., Koltsida, A. and Georgiadis, M. (eds), SOMA 2001, Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology. Oxford: 20–7.Google Scholar
Cherstich, I. 2008. Invisible rituals and cyclical trends in the tombs of Haleg Stawat. In Menozzi, O., Di Marzio, D.L. and Fossataro, D. (eds), SOMA 2005: Proceedings of the IX Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology. Archaeopress, Oxford: 121–28.Google Scholar
Cherstich, L. 2008a. The role of Alexandria in Cyrenean cemeteries from ptolemaic to Roman Times. In: Menozzi, O., Di Marzio, D.L. and Fossataro, D. (eds), SOMA 2005: Proceedings of the IX Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, 24-26 February 2005, Chieti, Italy. BAR IS1739. Archaeopress, Oxford: 129–42.Google Scholar
Cherstich, L. 2008b. From looted tombs to ancient society: a survey of the Southern Necropolis of Cyrene. Libyan Studies 39: 7393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cherstich, L. 2008c. The Southern necropolis of Cyrene. Unpublished P.Phil Thesis. University of Oxford.Google Scholar
Cherstich, L. 2011. The changing funerary world of Roman Cyrene. Libyan Studies 42: 3346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cherstich, I. and Cherstich, L. 2008. Violent dialogues between the living and the dead: disfiguring façades in Cyrene. In: Rakoczy, L (ed.), The Archaeology of Destruction, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Cambridge: 210–38.Google Scholar
Cherstich, L., Cinalli, A. and Lagatta, D. 2014. Una nuova testimonianza dalla Necropoli di Cirene: la Tomba dei Carboncini (S 147). In: Álvarez, J.M., Nogales, T. and Rodà, I. (eds), Actas XVIII Congreso Internacional Arqueología Clásica. vol. 2: 1213–7.Google Scholar
Cherstich, L., Menozzi, O., Antonelli, S. and Cherstich, I. 2018. A ‘living’ necropolis: change and reuse in the cemeteries of Cyrene. Libyan Studies 49: 121–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cherstich, L. and Santucci, A. 2010. A new discovery at Cyrene: the tomb S64 and its ‘second-style’ wall paintings. Preliminary notes. Libyan Studies 41: 3345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Di Valerio, E. 2020 The Western necropolis of Cyrene (Libya). In: Menozzi, O. (ed.) Archaeological Mission of Chieti University in Libya; Reports 2006-2008. RES I. Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford: 201206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Di Valerio, E., Cherstich, I., Carinci, M., Siciliano, F., D'Addazio, G. and Cinalli, A. 2005. Votive funerary niches in funerary architecture in Cyrenaica (Libya). In: Briault, C., Green, J., Kaldelis, A. and Stellatou, A. (eds), SOMA 2003. BAR, Oxford: 53–8.Google Scholar
Di Valerio, E. 2008 The Western necropolis of Cyrene: the Wadi Belghadir road. In: Menozzi, O., Di Marzio, D.L. and Fossataro, D. (eds), SOMA 2005: Proceedings of the IX Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, 24–26 February 2005, Chieti, Italy. Archaeopress, Oxford: 149–54.Google Scholar
Fabbricotti, E. 2006. Alcune tombe della Necropoli Occidentale di Cirene. In: Fabbricotti, E. and Menozzi, O. (eds), Atti del Convegno di Archeologia Cirenaica, Chieti 24–26 Novembre 2003. Oxford: 121–40.Google Scholar
Menozzi, O. 2015. Extramural rock-cut sanctuaries in the territory of Cyrene. Libyan Studies 46: 5774.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menozzi, O. 2016. Santuari Rupestri nella Chora di Cirene: Incontro tra Mondo Libyo, Greco e Romano. In: Russo Tagliente, A. and Guarneri, F. (eds), 2016 Santuari Mediterraneai tra Oriente e Occidente. Interazioni e contatti culturali. Scienze e lettere, Roma: 581–94.Google Scholar
Menozzi, O., Di Marzio, D.L. and Fossataro, D. (eds). 2008. SOMA 2005: Proceedings of the IX Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, 24–26 February 2005, Chieti, Italy. Archaeopress, Oxford.Google Scholar
Rowe, A. 1956. Cyrenaican Expedition of the University of Manchester 1952. Manchester University Press, Manchester.Google Scholar
Rowe, A. 1959. Cyrenaican Expeditions of the University of Manchester 1955, 1956, 1957. Manchester University Press, Manchester.Google Scholar
Stucchi, S. 1965. L'Agorà di Cirene I. I lati Nord ed Est della platea inferiore. Roma.Google Scholar
Stucchi, S. 1975. Architettura Cirenaica. L'Erma di Bretschneider, Roma.Google Scholar
Stucchi, S. 1985. Gli approcci al Santuario Cireneo di Apollo in Età Greca. In: Barker, G., Lloyd, J. and Reynolds, J. (eds), Cyrenaica in Antiquity. Oxford, BAR International series 236: 6786.Google Scholar
Thorn, J.C. 2005. The Necropolis of Cyrene. Two hundred years of exploration. L'Erma di Bretschneider, Roma.Google Scholar
Thorn, D.M. and Thorn, J.C. 2009. A gazetteer of the Cyrene Necropolis. From the original notebooks of John Cassels, Richard Tomlinson and James and Dorothy Thorn. L'Erma di Bretschneider, Roma.Google Scholar
Tomlinson, R.A. 2006. Tomb N171 and its significance for the history of Cyrene Doric. In: Fabbricotti, E. and Menozzi, O. (eds), Atti del Convegno di Archeologia Cirenaica, Chieti 24–26 Novembre 2003. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 97102.Google Scholar
Venit, M.S. 2002. Monumental Tombs of Ancient Alexandria. The Theatre of the Dead. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar